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<title>New York Emmy Awards RSS Feed</title>
<itunes:subtitle>New York Emmy Awards</itunes:subtitle>
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<itunes:author>New York Emmy Awards</itunes:author>
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<pubDate>Thu, 29 Jul 2010 15:17:48 GMT</pubDate>
		<item>

			<category>Events</category>

			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/401</link>

			<title>Midmorning Exchange on 4-Aug-10 9:30 AM</title>

			<description>&lt;div class=&quot;vevent&quot;&gt;
&lt;a class=&quot;url&quot; href=&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/401&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;summary&quot;&gt;Midmorning Exchange&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdtstart&quot;&gt;Start Date:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;abbr class=&quot;dtstart&quot; title=&quot;20100804T133000Z&quot;&gt;4-Aug-10 9:30 AM&lt;/abbr&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdtend&quot;&gt;End Time:&lt;/span&gt; 
&lt;abbr class=&quot;dtend&quot; title=&quot;20100804T150000Z&quot;&gt;4-Aug-10 11:00 AM&lt;/abbr&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tlocation&quot;&gt;Location:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;location&quot;&gt;
NY NATAS, New York, NY 10018&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdescription&quot;&gt;Event Details:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;div class=&quot;description&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;
	&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(128, 0, 128); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;u&gt;NEW&lt;/u&gt;: Midmorning Exchange&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
				&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;Wednesday, August 4, 2010 ~ 9:30 AM to 11:00 AM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
				&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;NY NATAS Office &amp;ndash; 1375 Broadway (between 37th and 38th Streets), 21st floor, Suite 2103&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;John Wooten&lt;/strong&gt; - Playwright, Theatre Producer/Director&lt;br&gt;
				&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;Join us for coffee and conversation with John Wooten who will discuss &amp;quot;A Play from the Page to the Stage: The Dramatic Evolution of a Central Idea - Retooling, Re-Inventing and Rewriting Your Script into a Producible Form.&amp;quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;Mr. Wooten has rewritten &amp;quot;Purple&amp;quot; four times. First it was a screenplay with a large cast and numerous locations from Boston to South Carolina. After hearing it read by professional actors as part of our Playreading series hosted by Arlene Dahl, he decided to turn it into a play with a slightly smaller but still quite large cast and several sets, visuals and rear projections. After hearing version two read as part of our series, he decided to turn it into a four-character, one-set play -- using the two main couples as the cast -- although their motives and characteristics changed of their own volition along the way, and &amp;quot;Purple&amp;quot; became &amp;quot;The Sticks.&amp;quot; Professional actors will read version four, still titled &amp;quot;The Sticks&amp;quot; on Monday August 9th. The same two couples make up the cast but different actors will be needed because almost everything else has again changed. For August 9th Playreading reservations, please call 212-459-3630 ext. 204.&lt;br&gt;
				&lt;br&gt;
				&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 128, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;RESERVATIONS REQUIRED DUE TO BUILDING SECURITY. ALL NAMES MUST BE ON GUEST LIST.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
				&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 128, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;PLEASE RSVP VIA EMAIL &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:info@nyemmys.org&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;info@nyemmys.org&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 128, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OR PHONE &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;12-459-3630, ext. 204.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;Event produced by Ellen Muir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;/div&gt;
	&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;vcard&quot;&gt;
&lt;a class=&quot;fn&quot;&gt;NY NATAS
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;adr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;street-address&quot;&gt;1375 Broadway, Suite 2103&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;locality&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/span&gt;,
&lt;span class=&quot;region&quot;&gt;NY&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;postal-code&quot;&gt;10018&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

</description>

			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/401</guid>

			<pubDate>Wed, 04 Aug 2010 13:30:00 GMT</pubDate>

		</item>

		<item>

			<category>Events</category>

			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/394</link>

			<title>Playreading Hosted by Arlene Dahl on 9-Aug-10 5:30 PM</title>

			<description>&lt;div class=&quot;vevent&quot;&gt;
&lt;a class=&quot;url&quot; href=&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/394&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;summary&quot;&gt;Playreading Hosted by Arlene Dahl&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdtstart&quot;&gt;Start Date:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;abbr class=&quot;dtstart&quot; title=&quot;20100809T213000Z&quot;&gt;9-Aug-10 5:30 PM&lt;/abbr&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdtend&quot;&gt;End Time:&lt;/span&gt; 
&lt;abbr class=&quot;dtend&quot; title=&quot;20100809T233000Z&quot;&gt;9-Aug-10 7:30 PM&lt;/abbr&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdescription&quot;&gt;Event Details:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;div class=&quot;description&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;color: #000080;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14pt; color: #000080;&quot;&gt;PLAY READING&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14pt; color: #000080;&quot;&gt;Hosted By Arlene Dahl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12pt; color: #000080;&quot;&gt;&amp;#8220;The Sticks&amp;#8221; (Fourth Reincarnation)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12pt; color: #000080;&quot;&gt;Written and Directed by John Wooten&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12pt; color: #000080;&quot;&gt;&amp;#8220;The Sticks&amp;#8221; started life as &amp;#8220;Purple,&amp;#8221; a screenplay with a large cast and locations from Boston to South Carolina. After it was read here at HBO, Mr. Wooten decided to turn it into a play with a slightly smaller but still quite large cast and several sets, visuals and rear projections. After hearing version two read here at HBO, &amp;#8220;The Sticks&amp;#8221; was born. He decided to turn it into a four character one set play &amp;#8211; using the two main couples as characters &amp;#8211; although their motives and characteristics changed of their own volition along the way. Now comes version four, still titled &amp;#8220;The Sticks&amp;#8221; and still with the same two couples as its cast, but different actors will be needed because almost everything else has again changed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Event coordinated by Ellen Muir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Date: Monday, August 9, 2010&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Time: 5:30 p.m. Reception, 6:00 p.m. program&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000;&quot;&gt;Location: Midtown&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12pt; color: #008000;&quot;&gt;For reservations (required) and location information, please call &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12pt; color: #0000ff;&quot;&gt;212-459-3630, ext. 204&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12pt; color: #0000ff;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12pt; color: #008000;&quot;&gt;before&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12pt; color: #008000;&quot;&gt; Friday August 6th!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia; font-size: 12pt; color: #008000;&quot;&gt;NO EMAIL RESERVATIONS WILL BE ACCEPTED.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;vcard&quot;&gt;
&lt;a class=&quot;fn&quot;&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

</description>

			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/394</guid>

			<pubDate>Mon, 09 Aug 2010 21:30:00 GMT</pubDate>

		</item>

		<item>

			<category>Events</category>

			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/398</link>

			<title>Midmorning Exchange on 11-Aug-10 9:30 AM</title>

			<description>&lt;div class=&quot;vevent&quot;&gt;
&lt;a class=&quot;url&quot; href=&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/398&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;summary&quot;&gt;Midmorning Exchange&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdtstart&quot;&gt;Start Date:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;abbr class=&quot;dtstart&quot; title=&quot;20100811T133000Z&quot;&gt;11-Aug-10 9:30 AM&lt;/abbr&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdtend&quot;&gt;End Time:&lt;/span&gt; 
&lt;abbr class=&quot;dtend&quot; title=&quot;20100811T150000Z&quot;&gt;11-Aug-10 11:00 AM&lt;/abbr&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tlocation&quot;&gt;Location:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;location&quot;&gt;
NY NATAS, New York, NY 10018&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdescription&quot;&gt;Event Details:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;div class=&quot;description&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;
	&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&lt;div&gt;
					&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
						&lt;div&gt;
							&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
								&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(128, 0, 128); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;u&gt;NEW&lt;/u&gt;: Midmorning Exchange&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
								&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;Wednesday, August 11, 2010 ~ 9:30 AM to 11:00 AM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
								&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;NY NATAS Office &amp;ndash; 1375 Broadway (between 37th and 38th Streets), 21st floor, Suite 2103&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
							&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
								&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
							&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
								&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gina Riggi&lt;/strong&gt; - Makeup Artist&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
							&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
								&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
							&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
								&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;Join us for coffee and conversation with Emmy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;reg;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt; Award nominee Gina Riggi who will discuss &amp;quot;Healthy Makeup Alternatives for HD and 3DTV.&amp;quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
							&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
								&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
							&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
								&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;Ms. Riggi, an Emmy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;reg;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt; Award nominee, has been the key makeup artist for the Charlie Rose Show for the last 15 years where she has made up many famous faces including Obama (twice), both Clintons, Jimmy Carter, Russia&amp;#39;s Gorbachev and Iran&amp;#39;s Ahmadinejad. She has also worked on &amp;quot;Saturday Night Live;&amp;quot; sports shows including &amp;quot;NFL Official Review&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;MSG Vault&amp;quot;; shows on all networks, feature films and numerous commercials. She will demonstrate the new techniques and take questions.&lt;br&gt;
								&lt;br&gt;
								&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
							&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
								&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 128, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;RESERVATIONS REQUIRED DUE TO BUILDING SECURITY. ALL NAMES MUST BE ON GUEST LIST.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
								&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 128, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;PLEASE RSVP VIA EMAIL &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:info@nyemmys.org&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;info@nyemmys.org&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 128, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OR PHONE &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;12-459-3630, ext. 204.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
							&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
								&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
							&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
								&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;Event produced by Ellen Muir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
						&lt;/div&gt;
					&lt;/div&gt;
				&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;/div&gt;
	&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;vcard&quot;&gt;
&lt;a class=&quot;fn&quot;&gt;NY NATAS
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;adr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;street-address&quot;&gt;1375 Broadway, Suite 2103&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;locality&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/span&gt;,
&lt;span class=&quot;region&quot;&gt;NY&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;postal-code&quot;&gt;10018&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

</description>

			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/398</guid>

			<pubDate>Wed, 11 Aug 2010 13:30:00 GMT</pubDate>

		</item>

		<item>

			<category>Events</category>

			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/397</link>

			<title>Midmorning Exchange on 18-Aug-10 9:30 AM</title>

			<description>&lt;div class=&quot;vevent&quot;&gt;
&lt;a class=&quot;url&quot; href=&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/397&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;summary&quot;&gt;Midmorning Exchange&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdtstart&quot;&gt;Start Date:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;abbr class=&quot;dtstart&quot; title=&quot;20100818T133000Z&quot;&gt;18-Aug-10 9:30 AM&lt;/abbr&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdtend&quot;&gt;End Time:&lt;/span&gt; 
&lt;abbr class=&quot;dtend&quot; title=&quot;20100818T150000Z&quot;&gt;18-Aug-10 11:00 AM&lt;/abbr&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tlocation&quot;&gt;Location:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;location&quot;&gt;
NY NATAS, New York, NY 10018&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdescription&quot;&gt;Event Details:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;div class=&quot;description&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;
	&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&lt;div&gt;
					&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
						&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(128, 0, 128); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;u&gt;NEW&lt;/u&gt;: Midmorning Exchange&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
						&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;Wednesday, August 18, 2010 ~ 9:30 AM to 11:00 AM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
						&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;NY NATAS Office &amp;ndash; 1375 Broadway (between 37th and 38th Streets), 21st floor, Suite 2103&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
					&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
						&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
					&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
						&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arthur Novell&lt;/strong&gt; - Executive Director, The Jim Henson Legacy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
					&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
						&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
					&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
						&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;Join us for coffee, conversation and a bit of nostalgia with Arthur Novell who will discuss &amp;quot;the many changing faces of public relations.&amp;quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
					&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
						&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
					&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
						&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;Mr. Novell was a co-founder of Markham/Novell Communications, a high-profile PR company, for 30 years and also the President of Arthur Novell Associates. He wants to remind everyone that public relations like charity begins at home.&lt;br&gt;
						&lt;br&gt;
						&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
					&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
						&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 128, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;RESERVATIONS REQUIRED DUE TO BUILDING SECURITY. ALL NAMES MUST BE ON GUEST LIST.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
						&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 128, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;PLEASE RSVP VIA EMAIL &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:info@nyemmys.org&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;info@nyemmys.org&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 128, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OR PHONE &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;12-459-3630, ext. 204.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
					&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
						&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
					&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
						&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;Event produced by Ellen Muir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
				&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;/div&gt;
	&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;vcard&quot;&gt;
&lt;a class=&quot;fn&quot;&gt;NY NATAS
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;adr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;street-address&quot;&gt;1375 Broadway, Suite 2103&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;locality&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/span&gt;,
&lt;span class=&quot;region&quot;&gt;NY&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;postal-code&quot;&gt;10018&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

</description>

			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/397</guid>

			<pubDate>Wed, 18 Aug 2010 13:30:00 GMT</pubDate>

		</item>

		<item>

			<category>Events</category>

			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/402</link>

			<title>Midmorning Exchange on 25-Aug-10 9:30 AM</title>

			<description>&lt;div class=&quot;vevent&quot;&gt;
&lt;a class=&quot;url&quot; href=&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/402&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;summary&quot;&gt;Midmorning Exchange&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdtstart&quot;&gt;Start Date:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;abbr class=&quot;dtstart&quot; title=&quot;20100825T133000Z&quot;&gt;25-Aug-10 9:30 AM&lt;/abbr&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdtend&quot;&gt;End Time:&lt;/span&gt; 
&lt;abbr class=&quot;dtend&quot; title=&quot;20100825T150000Z&quot;&gt;25-Aug-10 11:00 AM&lt;/abbr&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tlocation&quot;&gt;Location:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;location&quot;&gt;
NY NATAS Office, New York, NY 10018&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdescription&quot;&gt;Event Details:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;div class=&quot;description&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;
	&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt; color: rgb(128, 0, 128); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;u&gt;NEW&lt;/u&gt;: Midmorning Exchange&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
				&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;Wednesday, August 25, 2010 ~ 9:30 AM to 11:00 AM&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
				&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;NY NATAS Office &amp;ndash; 1375 Broadway (between 37th and 38th Streets), 21st floor, Suite 2103&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;James Ackerman&lt;/strong&gt; - President/CEO, The Documentary Channel and&lt;strong&gt; Jay Kelley&lt;/strong&gt; - Senior Vice President, Sales, The Documentary Channel&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;Join us for coffee and conversation with James Ackerman and Jay Kelley who will discuss factors affecting the Documentary Film Industry - among them the rise and trust of citizen journalism and the fall and cost of documentary production.&lt;br&gt;
				&lt;br&gt;
				&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 128, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;RESERVATIONS REQUIRED DUE TO BUILDING SECURITY. ALL NAMES MUST BE ON GUEST LIST.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
				&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 128, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;PLEASE RSVP VIA EMAIL &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:info@nyemmys.org&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;info@nyemmys.org&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 128, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;OR PHONE &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 255); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;12-459-3630, ext. 204.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
			&lt;div class=&quot;eventview-details&quot;&gt;
				&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia;&quot;&gt;Event produced by Ellen Muir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;/div&gt;
	&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;vcard&quot;&gt;
&lt;a class=&quot;fn&quot;&gt;NY NATAS Office
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;adr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;street-address&quot;&gt;1375 Broadway, Suite 2103&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;locality&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/span&gt;,
&lt;span class=&quot;region&quot;&gt;NY&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;postal-code&quot;&gt;10018&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

</description>

			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/402</guid>

			<pubDate>Wed, 25 Aug 2010 13:30:00 GMT</pubDate>

		</item>

		<item>

			<category>Events</category>

			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/403</link>

			<title>FILM SCREENING: Charlie St. Cloud on 29-Aug-10 7:00 PM</title>

			<description>&lt;div class=&quot;vevent&quot;&gt;
&lt;a class=&quot;url&quot; href=&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/403&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;summary&quot;&gt;FILM SCREENING: Charlie St. Cloud&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdtstart&quot;&gt;Start Date:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;abbr class=&quot;dtstart&quot; title=&quot;20100830T000000Z&quot;&gt;29-Aug-10 7:00 PM&lt;/abbr&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdtend&quot;&gt;End Time:&lt;/span&gt; 
&lt;abbr class=&quot;dtend&quot; title=&quot;20100830T020000Z&quot;&gt;29-Aug-10 9:00 PM&lt;/abbr&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;tdescription&quot;&gt;Event Details:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;div class=&quot;description&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;
	&lt;div&gt;
		&lt;strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FILM SCREENING: &lt;em&gt;Charlie St. Cloud&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
	&lt;div&gt;
		&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
	&lt;div&gt;
		NY NATAS members plus one adult guest are invited to attend a LIMITEDSEATINGscreening from&amp;nbsp;Universal Pictures of &lt;em&gt;Charlie St. Cloud&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
	&lt;div&gt;
		&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
	&lt;div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			&lt;strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This invitation is non-transferable and you must receive an email response to attend!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;
			&lt;br&gt;
			RSVP by email only to Phyllis Bishop at &lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:pbscreenings@gmail.com&quot; title=&quot;mailto:pbscreenings@gmail.com&quot;&gt;pbscreenings@gmail.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. You must include your name, current NY NATAS member number andthe FILM title in your email. Please specify if you are bringing ONE guest.&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			You must receive a reply email to attend.&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			&lt;strong&gt;Screening Date: Thursday, 29th July, 2010 &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			Screening Arrival Time 6 PM&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			Screening Start Time: 7 PM&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			Cinema: AMC&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			Address: W. 68th Street and Broadway&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			Check in: Please go to the cinema lobby and check in with Phyllis&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			Director: Burr Steers&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			Writers: Craig Pearce and Lewis Colick from the Ben Sherwood novel &amp;ldquo;The Death and Life of Charlie St. Cloud&amp;rdquo;&lt;br&gt;
			&lt;br&gt;
			Cast: &amp;nbsp;Zac Efron (Charlie St. Cloud), Amanda Crew (Tess Carroll), Donal Logue (Tink Weatherbee), Kim Basinger (Claire St. Cloud). &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			&lt;br&gt;
			Synopsis: Charlie St. Cloud is a young man overcome by grief at the death of his younger brother. So much so that he takes a job as caretaker of the cemetery in which his brother is buried. Charlie has a special lasting bond with his brother though, as he can see him. Charlie meets up with his brother (Sam) each night to play catch and talk. Then, a girl comes into Charlie&amp;#39;s life and he must choose between keeping a promise he made to Sam, or going after the girl he loves.&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			&lt;br&gt;
			MPAA RATING: PG-13.&lt;br&gt;
			RUN TIME: 109.&lt;br&gt;
			RELEASE DATE: July 30, 2010&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div&gt;
			&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
	&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;vcard&quot;&gt;
&lt;a class=&quot;fn&quot;&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

</description>

			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cev/403</guid>

			<pubDate>Mon, 30 Aug 2010 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>

		</item>

		<item>

			<category>Articles</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/36/</link>
			<title>Are YOU a Public Figure? Defamation claims and how today&#8217;s world of instant celebrity can convert average citizens into public figures.</title>
			<description>&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Considered the worst act of bioterrorism in &lt;st1:country-region w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;U.S.&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; history, the 2001 anthrax mailings that followed the 9/11 attacks killed at least five individuals.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Since then, litigation and investigations surrounding the anthrax mailings has spawned and taken unexpected twists and turns over the past few months.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Bruce E. Ivans, the primary suspect in the anthrax investigation, committed suicide just before the Justice Department was about to file sweeping, but circumstantial, charges against him for his suspected role in the 2001 anthrax attack.&amp;nbsp; Before that, the Justice Department settled a Privacy Act suit brought by former army scientist Steven J. Hatfill, who worked with Ivans at &lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:PlaceType w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Fort&lt;/st1:PlaceType&gt; &lt;st1:PlaceName w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Detrick&lt;/st1:PlaceName&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;, for $4.6 million where Hatfill claimed the Justice Department ruined his career when it leaked information about him to the media during the anthrax investigation. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;And several months ago, a federal appeals court dismissed Hatfill&#8217;s lawsuit against the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt; and its reporter, Nicholas Kristof, for defamation allegedly caused by a series of articles Kristof wrote about Hatfill&#8217;s status as a &#8220;person of interest&#8221; in the 2001 anthrax investigation. Hatfill&#8217;s lawsuit against the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt; was among many litigated against the Justice Department and various media outlets before the investigation was declared &#8220;solved&#8221; by the FBI in August 2008. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The appeals court&#8217;s decision to dismiss Hatfill&#8217;s lawsuit against the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt; ultimately turned upon its determination that Hatfill was a &#8220;public figure&#8221;; and therefore he had to meet a heightened legal standard by proving &#8220;actual malice,&#8221; which the court found he could not do. &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Hatfill&#8217;s designation as a &#8220;public figure&#8221; stands as a beacon to journalists and a warning to private citizens as to how fickle defamation suits can be; and how, in today's fast-paced media world, ordinary citizens who thrust themselves into the public realm of the news do so at the risk of diluting their legal rights.&amp;nbsp; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;What follows is a general overview of &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Hatfill v. New York Times&lt;/em&gt; and the legal elements of a defamation suit, with a particular emphasis on the heightened standard required when one is deemed to be a &#8220;public figure.&#8221;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;Hatfill v. New York Times&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Hatfill&#8217;s designation as a &#8220;public figure&#8221; was supported, in part, by evidence of his career expertise and media presence even before the 2001 anthrax attacks took place. In 1996, Hatfill obtained a research fellowship from the National Institute of Health (NIH) where he developed a reputation within the scientific community as an expert in the field of bioterrorism and gave multiple public lectures on preparing the country in the event of a bioterrorist attack. Upon completing his fellowship, Hatfill continued his research at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases at &lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:PlaceType w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Fort&lt;/st1:PlaceType&gt; &lt;st1:PlaceName w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Detrick&lt;/st1:PlaceName&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;. Hatfill authored multiple articles discussing his career in bio-defense and occasionally offered his expertise to the public through televised interviews. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;On September 18, 2001 and October 9, 2001, an unidentified person mailed letters laced with anthrax to members of Congress and several news organizations. Within the first few weeks of its investigation into these attacks, the FBI considered Hatfill a &#8220;person of interest.&#8221; A televised search of Hatfill&#8217;s apartment and press coverage of the FBI&#8217;s investigation drew wide attention to Hatfill. During this time, Hatfill voluntarily met with reporters including Judith Miller of the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;York Times&lt;/em&gt;, Tom Connelly and Ted Koppel of ABC News, and Jim Stewart and Mark Datov of CBS News to discuss the attacks. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Seven months after the attacks, and with the FBI investigation on a &#8220;slow track,&#8221; Kristof authored a series of articles published in the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt; criticizing the investigation. As one example of its shortcomings, Kristof noted the FBI&#8217;s failure to properly investigate a scientist (who Kristof referred to as &#8220;Mr. Z&#8221; in early reports) who the scientific community thought warranted investigation. On August 13, 2002, after Hatfill publicly denied any involvement in the anthrax attack, Kristof acknowledged in his column that Hatfill was the &#8220;Mr. Z&#8221; to whom he previously referred.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Almost a year later, in federal court Hatfill filed suit on July 13, 2004 against Kristof and the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt; for defamation. Hatfill argued that Kristof&#8217;s columns implied that he was the anthrax mailer and that Kristof wrote the columns to impute guilt to Hatfill in the minds of reasonable readers. On July 28, 2005, the trial court dismissed Hatfill&#8217;s action, concluding as matters of law that the columns did not suggest that Hatfill was guilty of the attacks and that the columns accurately reported questions raised in the investigation. An appeals court reversed the trial court&#8217;s dismissal and allowed Hatfill&#8217;s claims to proceed.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;After Hatfill was allowed access to information from Kristof and the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt; in order to help support his claims, Kristof and the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt; filed another motion seeking to dismiss the lawsuit, arguing that since Hatfill was a &#8220;public figure,&#8221; he had to meet a heightened standard and prove the &#8220;actual malice&#8221; element of a defamation claim (&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;i.e.&lt;/em&gt;, that Kristof knowingly published false statements), and that the evidence did not support such malice. The trial court agreed that the facts warranted that Hatfill be considered a &#8220;public figure,&#8221; and dismissed the case, declaring that there was no evidence that Kristof knew his statements were false, and therefore Hatfill could not prove &#8220;actual malice.&#8221; On appeal, Hatfill argued that he was not a &#8220;public figure&#8221;; but the appellate court disagreed and affirmed the trial court&#8217;s dismissal of Hatfill&#8217;s claims. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The outcome of Hatfill&#8217;s lawsuit reminds journalists and private citizens alike of a fundamental issue in defamation claims brought by seemingly &#8220;average citizens&#8221;: Under what circumstances will an average citizen be deemed a &#8220;public figure&#8221;? &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;In Hatfill&#8217;s case, his expertise and media presence before and after the anthrax investigation vaulted him into the &#8220;public figure&#8221; category and limited his legal recourse.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;The Foundation of a Defamation Claim &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Defamation is the communication of (1) a false statement (2) of fact (3) about an individual, (4) to another, (5) which tends to harm the individual&#8217;s reputation. Some examples of defamatory statements include: statements accusing a person of committing a crime, of having a contagious disease, or of being unfit for his or her employment. Generally, individuals need only show that the published statements were both false and defamatory (&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;i.e.&lt;/em&gt;, tending to harm the individual&#8217;s reputation).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;In 1964, the Supreme Court in &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times v. Sullivan&lt;/em&gt; explored defamation claims in the context of a public official and held that public officials were required also to prove actual malice (&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;i.e.&lt;/em&gt;, that the defendant had a &#8220;subjective awareness of the probable falsity&#8221; of the publication) in defamation suits. Three years later, in &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Curtis Publishing Co. v. Butts&lt;/em&gt;, the Supreme Court extended the actual malice standard to include &#8220;public figures&#8221; (&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;i.e.&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;span style=&quot;color: black&quot;&gt;a designation that is broader than &#8220;public &lt;/span&gt;officials&lt;span style=&quot;color: black&quot;&gt;&#8221; (politicians, celebrities, etc.) and includes either people involved in &#8220;high profile&#8221; conduct of public concern or people who engage in conduct which generates publicity within a narrow area of interest&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Public figures and public officials are held to a higher standard because, it is reasoned, they have exposed themselves to the risk of injury from defamation claims by assuming public roles and have a greater opportunity to publicly defend themselves. Therefore, they are less likely to be harmed by false statements than private individuals who generally lack that opportunity. Thus, the law affords greater protection to private individuals by not requiring proof of &#8220;actual malice.&#8221;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;By adding an &#8220;actual malice&#8221; element to certain individual&#8217;s defamation proofs, these two Supreme Court cases made it significantly more difficult for one deemed to be a &#8220;public official&#8221; or &#8220;public figure&#8221; to prove a defamation claim. Proving that a publication was not only false and harmful, but also that one was aware that the publication was false and published it anyway, is extremely difficult. So, under what circumstances will one be considered a &#8220;public official&#8221; or a &#8220;public figure&#8221;?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;Public Official &amp;amp; Public Figure Status&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The law defines a &#8220;public official&#8221; as one whose government role is of such importance that the public has an independent interest in his or her fitness for office beyond a general interest in the fitness of all government employees. A person who is running for or holds a public office is generally categorized as a &#8220;public official.&#8221; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Whether one qualifies as a &#8220;public figure&#8221; requires a fact-specific inquiry. &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Hatfill v. New York Times&lt;/em&gt; reminds us that in today&#8217;s world of instant news and celebrity, average citizens can be converted into public figures in an instant.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;A &#8220;public figure&#8221; can be categorized as either an &#8220;all-purpose public figure&#8221; or a &#8220;limited-purpose public figure.&#8221; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;An &#8220;all purpose public figure&#8221; is one who has a continuous and powerful influence on public matters and is always subject to the &#8220;actual malice&#8221; standard. A &#8220;limited purpose public figure&#8221; is one who voluntarily thrusts himself or herself into a particular public controversy and is thereby deemed to be a public figure only for purposes of that controversy (&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;e.g.&lt;/em&gt;, an anti-war activist would be considered a public figure only if the particular controversy is war). &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;To determine whether one is to be deemed a &#8220;limited purpose public figure,&#8221; courts look at whether the (1) person had access to channels of effective communication; (2) person voluntarily assumed a role of special prominence in a public controversy; (3) person sought to influence the resolution or outcome of a controversy; (4) controversy existed prior to the publication of the defamatory statement; and (5) person retained public-figure status at the time of the alleged defamation. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt; tab-stops: center 216.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;Weighing Factors: When an Ordinary Citizen Becomes a &#8220;Limited Purpose Public Figure&#8221;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;When contemplating a defamation lawsuit, an individual should consider whether he or she could be categorized as a &#8220;limited purpose public figure.&#8221; A few things he or she should generally think about include: (1) the nature of the individual&#8217;s media presence, (2) the nature of the particular controversy, and (3) when the controversy arose in relation to the alleged defamation.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The nature of the individual&#8217;s media presence depends upon a variety of factors, including the ease at which one can command attention from the media and whether the individual had an opportunity to publicly refute the defamatory statement. In &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Hatfill v. New York Times&lt;/em&gt;, the court supported its conclusion that Hatfill was a &#8220;public figure&#8221; with evidence that he was an expert in the field of bioterrorism and frequently appeared in the media to discuss his research in the field. Further, the court determined that Hatfill attempted to &#8220;influence the outcome of the controversy&#8221; by criticizing the government&#8217;s lack of preparation for a bioterrorist attack.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;The nature of the particular controversy depends on how narrowly or broadly the court reads the &#8220;particular controversy.&#8221; Hatfill argued that the particular public controversy in his case was: &#8220;Who committed the antrax attacks in 2001,&#8221; and that he never publicly participated in the resolution of that issue. The trial court disagreed, however, and adopted a broader context of the particular controversy&#8212;that of the threat of bio-terrorism in general.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Another important issue is to recognize when the particular controversy arose in relation to the republication of the alleged defamation. In order to be held to the higher standard, the controversy must exist prior to the publication, and the individual must qualify as a public figure at the time of the defamation. If the individual participates in the public controversy only &lt;u&gt;after&lt;/u&gt; the alleged defamation was published, he or she will not be held to the higher standard. Further, if the controversy develops &lt;u&gt;after&lt;/u&gt; the publication, then the private individual standard will apply. In &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Hatfill&lt;/em&gt;, the court determined that the controversy over bioterrorism clearly existed prior to Kristof&#8217;s columns and that Hatfill commented on the controversy before the columns were printed. Thus, the public controversy existed at the time of the defamation and Hatfill retained &#8220;public figure&#8221; status at the time of the defamation.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Lessons Learned&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Ordinary citizens who thrust themselves into the public realm of the news do so at the risk of being labeled a &#8220;public figure&#8221; and thereby limit their legal rights. Knowing your status before bringing a defamation claim can significantly help you determine whether filing a claim is in your best interest. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;This article is written to provide readers with a very general overview of &#8220;public figure&#8221; status and defamation claims. The information contained herein should not be construed as providing legal advice and should not be relied on for that purpose. If you have specific legal questions, the authors suggest seeking the advice of a qualified attorney.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoEndnoteText&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoEndnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-special-character: footnote&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoEndnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; color: #666666; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA&quot;&gt;[1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;2&quot;&gt; Fernando M. Pinguelo, a partner and Chair of Norris McLaughlin &amp;amp; Marcus&#8217; Entertainment Law Group, has extensive experience in all facets of litigation in both the federal and state courts, and devotes his practice to electronic discovery, entertainment law, complex litigation, and employment matters.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;In the broadcasting sector, he represents Emmy Award-winning clients. Fernando also serves as a regular article contributor for the National Association of Television Arts and Sciences (New York Chapter), TVSpy, &lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Next Generation TV&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Shop Talk&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;He has published several articles and lectures on a variety of topics including copyright, contracts, entertainment, employment law, and information technology.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Fernando has appeared on television several times&amp;nbsp;as a legal commentator on various high-profile trials, and has been quoted in many newspapers and magazines, and on radio and television broadcasts regarding high-impact cases&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;he has handled.&amp;nbsp; He is an Adjunct Professor of Law at Seton Hall University School of Law and creator of eLessons Learned, an eDiscovery best practices blog.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Visit &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ellblog.com/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;www.eLLblog.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;2&quot;&gt; and learn more.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;normalweb&quot; style=&quot;margin: auto 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoEndnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Times New Roman'&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-special-character: footnote&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoEndnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt; color: #666666; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA&quot;&gt;[1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Times New Roman'&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman'&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Melissa Szymansky is a student at Seton Hall University School of Law. She is the Vice President of Entertainment for SHU Law&#8217;s Entertainment and Sports Law Society, and is also a member of SHU Law&#8217;s Journal of Sports and Entertainment Law. Prior to attending law school, Melissa received her BS in film and television from Boston University College of Communication and interned for the E! Entertainment Network and &lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:City w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Boston&lt;/st1:City&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&#8217;s CW56. Melissa interned for Sony BMG Music Entertainment this past summer. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;normalweb&quot; style=&quot;margin: auto 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman'&quot;&gt;Fernando and Melissa welcome questions and/or feedback on any related issues and can be reached either by phone, (908) 722-0700, or via email, &lt;a href=&quot;&amp;#109;&amp;#97;&amp;#105;&amp;#108;&amp;#116;&amp;#111;&amp;#58;&amp;#102;&amp;#109;&amp;#112;&amp;#64;&amp;#110;&amp;#109;&amp;#109;&amp;#108;&amp;#97;&amp;#119;&amp;#46;&amp;#99;&amp;#111;&amp;#109;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-ansi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;fmp@nmmlaw.com&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;They invite you to visit the following website to learn more about similar topics: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nmmlaw.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;task=view&amp;amp;id=140&amp;amp;Itemid=29&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-ansi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;http://www.nmmlaw.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;task=view&amp;amp;id=140&amp;amp;Itemid=29&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;6-Apr-09 8:00 PM
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			<itunes:subtitle>Are YOU a Public Figure? Defamation claims and how today&#8217;s world of instant celebrity can convert average citizens into public figures.</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Considered the worst act of bioterrorism in &lt;st1:country-region w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;U.S.&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; history, the 2001 anthrax mailings that followed the 9/11 attacks killed at least five individuals.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Since then, litigation and investigations surrounding the anthrax mailings has spawned and taken unexpected twists and turns over the past few months.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Bruce E. Ivans, the primary suspect in the anthrax investigation, committed suicide just before the Justice Department was about to file sweeping, but circumstantial, charges against him for his suspected role in the 2001 anthrax attack.&amp;nbsp; Before that, the Justice Department settled a Privacy Act suit brought by former army scientist Steven J. Hatfill, who worked with Ivans at &lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:PlaceType w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Fort&lt;/st1:PlaceType&gt; &lt;st1:PlaceName w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Detrick&lt;/st1:PlaceName&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;, for $4.6 million where Hatfill claimed the Justice Department ruined his career when it leaked information about him to the media during the anthrax investigation. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;And several months ago, a federal appeals court dismissed Hatfill&#8217;s lawsuit against the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt; and its reporter, Nicholas Kristof, for defamation allegedly caused by a series of articles Kristof wrote about Hatfill&#8217;s status as a &#8220;person of interest&#8221; in the 2001 anthrax investigation. Hatfill&#8217;s lawsuit against the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt; was among many litigated against the Justice Department and various media outlets before the investigation was declared &#8220;solved&#8221; by the FBI in August 2008. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The appeals court&#8217;s decision to dismiss Hatfill&#8217;s lawsuit against the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt; ultimately turned upon its determination that Hatfill was a &#8220;public figure&#8221;; and therefore he had to meet a heightened legal standard by proving &#8220;actual malice,&#8221; which the court found he could not do. &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Hatfill&#8217;s designation as a &#8220;public figure&#8221; stands as a beacon to journalists and a warning to private citizens as to how fickle defamation suits can be; and how, in today's fast-paced media world, ordinary citizens who thrust themselves into the public realm of the news do so at the risk of diluting their legal rights.&amp;nbsp; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;What follows is a general overview of &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Hatfill v. New York Times&lt;/em&gt; and the legal elements of a defamation suit, with a particular emphasis on the heightened standard required when one is deemed to be a &#8220;public figure.&#8221;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;Hatfill v. New York Times&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Hatfill&#8217;s designation as a &#8220;public figure&#8221; was supported, in part, by evidence of his career expertise and media presence even before the 2001 anthrax attacks took place. In 1996, Hatfill obtained a research fellowship from the National Institute of Health (NIH) where he developed a reputation within the scientific community as an expert in the field of bioterrorism and gave multiple public lectures on preparing the country in the event of a bioterrorist attack. Upon completing his fellowship, Hatfill continued his research at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases at &lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:PlaceType w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Fort&lt;/st1:PlaceType&gt; &lt;st1:PlaceName w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Detrick&lt;/st1:PlaceName&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;. Hatfill authored multiple articles discussing his career in bio-defense and occasionally offered his expertise to the public through televised interviews. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;On September 18, 2001 and October 9, 2001, an unidentified person mailed letters laced with anthrax to members of Congress and several news organizations. Within the first few weeks of its investigation into these attacks, the FBI considered Hatfill a &#8220;person of interest.&#8221; A televised search of Hatfill&#8217;s apartment and press coverage of the FBI&#8217;s investigation drew wide attention to Hatfill. During this time, Hatfill voluntarily met with reporters including Judith Miller of the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;York Times&lt;/em&gt;, Tom Connelly and Ted Koppel of ABC News, and Jim Stewart and Mark Datov of CBS News to discuss the attacks. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Seven months after the attacks, and with the FBI investigation on a &#8220;slow track,&#8221; Kristof authored a series of articles published in the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt; criticizing the investigation. As one example of its shortcomings, Kristof noted the FBI&#8217;s failure to properly investigate a scientist (who Kristof referred to as &#8220;Mr. Z&#8221; in early reports) who the scientific community thought warranted investigation. On August 13, 2002, after Hatfill publicly denied any involvement in the anthrax attack, Kristof acknowledged in his column that Hatfill was the &#8220;Mr. Z&#8221; to whom he previously referred.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Almost a year later, in federal court Hatfill filed suit on July 13, 2004 against Kristof and the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt; for defamation. Hatfill argued that Kristof&#8217;s columns implied that he was the anthrax mailer and that Kristof wrote the columns to impute guilt to Hatfill in the minds of reasonable readers. On July 28, 2005, the trial court dismissed Hatfill&#8217;s action, concluding as matters of law that the columns did not suggest that Hatfill was guilty of the attacks and that the columns accurately reported questions raised in the investigation. An appeals court reversed the trial court&#8217;s dismissal and allowed Hatfill&#8217;s claims to proceed.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;After Hatfill was allowed access to information from Kristof and the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt; in order to help support his claims, Kristof and the &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/em&gt; filed another motion seeking to dismiss the lawsuit, arguing that since Hatfill was a &#8220;public figure,&#8221; he had to meet a heightened standard and prove the &#8220;actual malice&#8221; element of a defamation claim (&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;i.e.&lt;/em&gt;, that Kristof knowingly published false statements), and that the evidence did not support such malice. The trial court agreed that the facts warranted that Hatfill be considered a &#8220;public figure,&#8221; and dismissed the case, declaring that there was no evidence that Kristof knew his statements were false, and therefore Hatfill could not prove &#8220;actual malice.&#8221; On appeal, Hatfill argued that he was not a &#8220;public figure&#8221;; but the appellate court disagreed and affirmed the trial court&#8217;s dismissal of Hatfill&#8217;s claims. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The outcome of Hatfill&#8217;s lawsuit reminds journalists and private citizens alike of a fundamental issue in defamation claims brought by seemingly &#8220;average citizens&#8221;: Under what circumstances will an average citizen be deemed a &#8220;public figure&#8221;? &lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;In Hatfill&#8217;s case, his expertise and media presence before and after the anthrax investigation vaulted him into the &#8220;public figure&#8221; category and limited his legal recourse.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;The Foundation of a Defamation Claim &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Defamation is the communication of (1) a false statement (2) of fact (3) about an individual, (4) to another, (5) which tends to harm the individual&#8217;s reputation. Some examples of defamatory statements include: statements accusing a person of committing a crime, of having a contagious disease, or of being unfit for his or her employment. Generally, individuals need only show that the published statements were both false and defamatory (&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;i.e.&lt;/em&gt;, tending to harm the individual&#8217;s reputation).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;In 1964, the Supreme Court in &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;New York Times v. Sullivan&lt;/em&gt; explored defamation claims in the context of a public official and held that public officials were required also to prove actual malice (&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;i.e.&lt;/em&gt;, that the defendant had a &#8220;subjective awareness of the probable falsity&#8221; of the publication) in defamation suits. Three years later, in &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Curtis Publishing Co. v. Butts&lt;/em&gt;, the Supreme Court extended the actual malice standard to include &#8220;public figures&#8221; (&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;i.e.&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;span style=&quot;color: black&quot;&gt;a designation that is broader than &#8220;public &lt;/span&gt;officials&lt;span style=&quot;color: black&quot;&gt;&#8221; (politicians, celebrities, etc.) and includes either people involved in &#8220;high profile&#8221; conduct of public concern or people who engage in conduct which generates publicity within a narrow area of interest&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Public figures and public officials are held to a higher standard because, it is reasoned, they have exposed themselves to the risk of injury from defamation claims by assuming public roles and have a greater opportunity to publicly defend themselves. Therefore, they are less likely to be harmed by false statements than private individuals who generally lack that opportunity. Thus, the law affords greater protection to private individuals by not requiring proof of &#8220;actual malice.&#8221;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;By adding an &#8220;actual malice&#8221; element to certain individual&#8217;s defamation proofs, these two Supreme Court cases made it significantly more difficult for one deemed to be a &#8220;public official&#8221; or &#8220;public figure&#8221; to prove a defamation claim. Proving that a publication was not only false and harmful, but also that one was aware that the publication was false and published it anyway, is extremely difficult. So, under what circumstances will one be considered a &#8220;public official&#8221; or a &#8220;public figure&#8221;?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;Public Official &amp;amp; Public Figure Status&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The law defines a &#8220;public official&#8221; as one whose government role is of such importance that the public has an independent interest in his or her fitness for office beyond a general interest in the fitness of all government employees. A person who is running for or holds a public office is generally categorized as a &#8220;public official.&#8221; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Whether one qualifies as a &#8220;public figure&#8221; requires a fact-specific inquiry. &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Hatfill v. New York Times&lt;/em&gt; reminds us that in today&#8217;s world of instant news and celebrity, average citizens can be converted into public figures in an instant.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;A &#8220;public figure&#8221; can be categorized as either an &#8220;all-purpose public figure&#8221; or a &#8220;limited-purpose public figure.&#8221; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;An &#8220;all purpose public figure&#8221; is one who has a continuous and powerful influence on public matters and is always subject to the &#8220;actual malice&#8221; standard. A &#8220;limited purpose public figure&#8221; is one who voluntarily thrusts himself or herself into a particular public controversy and is thereby deemed to be a public figure only for purposes of that controversy (&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;e.g.&lt;/em&gt;, an anti-war activist would be considered a public figure only if the particular controversy is war). &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;To determine whether one is to be deemed a &#8220;limited purpose public figure,&#8221; courts look at whether the (1) person had access to channels of effective communication; (2) person voluntarily assumed a role of special prominence in a public controversy; (3) person sought to influence the resolution or outcome of a controversy; (4) controversy existed prior to the publication of the defamatory statement; and (5) person retained public-figure status at the time of the alleged defamation. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt; tab-stops: center 216.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt; tab-stops: center 216.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;Weighing Factors: When an Ordinary Citizen Becomes a &#8220;Limited Purpose Public Figure&#8221;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;When contemplating a defamation lawsuit, an individual should consider whether he or she could be categorized as a &#8220;limited purpose public figure.&#8221; A few things he or she should generally think about include: (1) the nature of the individual&#8217;s media presence, (2) the nature of the particular controversy, and (3) when the controversy arose in relation to the alleged defamation.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The nature of the individual&#8217;s media presence depends upon a variety of factors, including the ease at which one can command attention from the media and whether the individual had an opportunity to publicly refute the defamatory statement. In &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Hatfill v. New York Times&lt;/em&gt;, the court supported its conclusion that Hatfill was a &#8220;public figure&#8221; with evidence that he was an expert in the field of bioterrorism and frequently appeared in the media to discuss his research in the field. Further, the court determined that Hatfill attempted to &#8220;influence the outcome of the controversy&#8221; by criticizing the government&#8217;s lack of preparation for a bioterrorist attack.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;The nature of the particular controversy depends on how narrowly or broadly the court reads the &#8220;particular controversy.&#8221; Hatfill argued that the particular public controversy in his case was: &#8220;Who committed the antrax attacks in 2001,&#8221; and that he never publicly participated in the resolution of that issue. The trial court disagreed, however, and adopted a broader context of the particular controversy&#8212;that of the threat of bio-terrorism in general.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Another important issue is to recognize when the particular controversy arose in relation to the republication of the alleged defamation. In order to be held to the higher standard, the controversy must exist prior to the publication, and the individual must qualify as a public figure at the time of the defamation. If the individual participates in the public controversy only &lt;u&gt;after&lt;/u&gt; the alleged defamation was published, he or she will not be held to the higher standard. Further, if the controversy develops &lt;u&gt;after&lt;/u&gt; the publication, then the private individual standard will apply. In &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Hatfill&lt;/em&gt;, the court determined that the controversy over bioterrorism clearly existed prior to Kristof&#8217;s columns and that Hatfill commented on the controversy before the columns were printed. Thus, the public controversy existed at the time of the defamation and Hatfill retained &#8220;public figure&#8221; status at the time of the defamation.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Lessons Learned&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Ordinary citizens who thrust themselves into the public realm of the news do so at the risk of being labeled a &#8220;public figure&#8221; and thereby limit their legal rights. Knowing your status before bringing a defamation claim can significantly help you determine whether filing a claim is in your best interest. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;This article is written to provide readers with a very general overview of &#8220;public figure&#8221; status and defamation claims. The information contained herein should not be construed as providing legal advice and should not be relied on for that purpose. If you have specific legal questions, the authors suggest seeking the advice of a qualified attorney.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p class=&quot;MsoEndnoteText&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoEndnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-special-character: footnote&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoEndnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; color: #666666; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA&quot;&gt;[1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;2&quot;&gt; Fernando M. Pinguelo, a partner and Chair of Norris McLaughlin &amp;amp; Marcus&#8217; Entertainment Law Group, has extensive experience in all facets of litigation in both the federal and state courts, and devotes his practice to electronic discovery, entertainment law, complex litigation, and employment matters.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;In the broadcasting sector, he represents Emmy Award-winning clients. Fernando also serves as a regular article contributor for the National Association of Television Arts and Sciences (New York Chapter), TVSpy, &lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Next Generation TV&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Shop Talk&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;He has published several articles and lectures on a variety of topics including copyright, contracts, entertainment, employment law, and information technology.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Fernando has appeared on television several times&amp;nbsp;as a legal commentator on various high-profile trials, and has been quoted in many newspapers and magazines, and on radio and television broadcasts regarding high-impact cases&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;he has handled.&amp;nbsp; He is an Adjunct Professor of Law at Seton Hall University School of Law and creator of eLessons Learned, an eDiscovery best practices blog.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Visit &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ellblog.com/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;www.eLLblog.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;2&quot;&gt; and learn more.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;normalweb&quot; style=&quot;margin: auto 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoEndnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Times New Roman'&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-special-character: footnote&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;MsoEndnoteReference&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt; color: #666666; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA&quot;&gt;[1]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: 'Times New Roman'&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman'&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Melissa Szymansky is a student at Seton Hall University School of Law. She is the Vice President of Entertainment for SHU Law&#8217;s Entertainment and Sports Law Society, and is also a member of SHU Law&#8217;s Journal of Sports and Entertainment Law. Prior to attending law school, Melissa received her BS in film and television from Boston University College of Communication and interned for the E! Entertainment Network and &lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:City w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Boston&lt;/st1:City&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&#8217;s CW56. Melissa interned for Sony BMG Music Entertainment this past summer. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;normalweb&quot; style=&quot;margin: auto 0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman'&quot;&gt;Fernando and Melissa welcome questions and/or feedback on any related issues and can be reached either by phone, (908) 722-0700, or via email, &lt;a href=&quot;&amp;#109;&amp;#97;&amp;#105;&amp;#108;&amp;#116;&amp;#111;&amp;#58;&amp;#102;&amp;#109;&amp;#112;&amp;#64;&amp;#110;&amp;#109;&amp;#109;&amp;#108;&amp;#97;&amp;#119;&amp;#46;&amp;#99;&amp;#111;&amp;#109;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-ansi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;fmp@nmmlaw.com&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;They invite you to visit the following website to learn more about similar topics: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nmmlaw.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;task=view&amp;amp;id=140&amp;amp;Itemid=29&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; mso-ansi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;http://www.nmmlaw.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;task=view&amp;amp;id=140&amp;amp;Itemid=29&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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<itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/36/</guid>
			<author>Fernando M. Pinguelo</author>
			<pubDate>Tue, 07 Apr 2009 01:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>Articles</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/27/</link>
			<title>Death Of The Noncompete For NY Broadcasters?</title>
			<description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 22pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;Death Of The Noncompete For NY Broadcasters? &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;February 2009&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;By &lt;/font&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nmmlaw.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;task=view&amp;amp;id=140&amp;amp;Itemid=60&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Fernando M. Pinguelo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, David T. Harmon, and Andrew D. Linden&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;For years, broadcast industry employees such as news anchors and radio disc jockeys saw their opportunities in the job market severely limited because their employment agreements contained noncompete clauses. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Upon the expiration or termination of the individual&#8217;s employment contract, a noncompete clause within that contract prevented employees from working for their former employer&#8217;s competitors or within their former employee&#8217;s market for a specified period of time. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Courts regularly enforced these noncompete clauses if their restrictions were reasonable in scope, duration and geographic range. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;In August 2008, however, &lt;st1:State w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:State&gt; enacted the Broadcast Employees Freedom to Work Act (BEFWA), which prohibits broadcast industry employers from including certain noncompete clauses in employment contracts. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The statute&#8217;s enactment was due in part to successful lobbying by prominent entertainment labor unions including the American Federation of Television &amp;amp; Radio Artists (AFTRA).&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;AFTRA&#8217;s members testified at legislative committee hearings and sent hundreds of letters and emails in support of the statute to state legislators and New York Governor David A. Paterson. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The enactment of the BEFWA is a major victory for &lt;st1:State w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:State&gt; broadcast employees because it vastly expands the job market for many of them. As a result, the number of broadcast industry employees leaving &lt;st1:State w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:State&gt; in order to find work that did not violate their previous employment agreements will be reduced significantly. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;This is a win-win for broadcast industry employees who now have expanded job opportunities as well as &lt;st1:State w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:State&gt; because it will keep jobs within its borders. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;It may appear that the only losers are the broadcast industry employers whose ability to restrict former employees&#8217; post-employment actions has been curtailed significantly. Employers, however, may also benefit because this should provide an increased pool of talent available for hire. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Here are three things employers and employees should know about the BEFWA: &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;What Does It Say? &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The BEFWA states that a broadcast industry employer may not require as a condition of employment that a broadcast employee (or prospective employee) refrain from obtaining employment: in any specified geographic area, for a specific period of time, or with any particular employer or in any particular industry, following the conclusion of his or her employment with the broadcast industry employer. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;If a broadcast industry employer were to violate the BEFWA, it would be civilly liable for not only the broadcast employee&#8217;s damages, but also attorney&#8217;s fees and costs. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Moreover, the BEFWA expressly provides that its protections cannot be waived, and that any attempt to do so shall be null and void and unenforceable in court. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The BEFWA carves out the following exception to its general provisions: &#8220;[The BEFWA] shall not apply to preventing the enforcement of such a covenant during the term of an employment contract.&#8221; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;This should be an obvious conclusion as any employer should have the right to enforce the breach of a restrictive covenant violated while the employee is working for that employer. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Therefore, noncompete agreements concerning an employee&#8217;s actions during the term of employment may still be enforceable (based upon the particular circumstances, such as when the employer is in breach of the employment contract). &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Other covenants limiting the post-employment rights of the broadcast employee are similarly unaffected. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Does BEFWA Concern Me or My Company? &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The BEFWA broadly defines &#8220;broadcast employee&#8221; as both &#8220;on-air&#8221; and &#8220;off-air&#8221; employees. Yet that term is not all-encompassing in that management employees do not constitute broadcast employees for the purposes of the statute. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Accordingly, noncompete agreements concerning management employees remain enforceable and are subject to the traditional &#8220;reasonableness&#8221; test. Similarly, independent contractors do not reap the benefits of the BEFWA. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The statute&#8217;s definition of &#8220;broadcast industry employer&#8221; is expansive and includes TV stations or networks, radio stations or networks, cable stations or networks, Internet or satellite-based services similar to a broadcast station or network, any broadcast entity affiliated with the aforementioned employers, or any other entity providing broadcasting services such as news, weather, traffic, sports or entertainment reports or programming. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;What Lies Ahead? &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;As with any new law, the courts will be left with the challenge of interpreting the parameters of the BEFWA and how it applies. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;It will be no surprise to see the statute&#8217;s more ambiguous terms, such as &#8220;management employee&#8221; and &#8220;other entity providing broadcasting services,&#8221; as the basis for litigation when parties seek clarification of the meanings of those terms in order to determine whether the statute governs their conduct. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Additionally, broadcast industry employers may seek to hire independent contractors, rather than &#8220;broadcast industry employees,&#8221; in order to bypass the prohibitions of the BEFWA. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Finally, employers may &#8220;beef up&#8221; other lawful post-employment restrictions, such as rights of first refusal, non-solicitation, nondisclosure and confidentiality agreements, in an attempt to compensate for the loss of the ability to enforce post-employment noncompete provisions. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;These considerations demonstrate the significant impact the BEFWA is expected to have on &lt;st1:State w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:State&gt;&#8217;s employment landscape within the broadcast industry. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;11-Feb-09 3:00 PM
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>Death Of The Noncompete For NY Broadcasters?</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-weight: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 22pt&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;Death Of The Noncompete For NY Broadcasters? &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;February 2009&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;By &lt;/font&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nmmlaw.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;task=view&amp;amp;id=140&amp;amp;Itemid=60&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Fernando M. Pinguelo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;, David T. Harmon, and Andrew D. Linden&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;For years, broadcast industry employees such as news anchors and radio disc jockeys saw their opportunities in the job market severely limited because their employment agreements contained noncompete clauses. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Upon the expiration or termination of the individual&#8217;s employment contract, a noncompete clause within that contract prevented employees from working for their former employer&#8217;s competitors or within their former employee&#8217;s market for a specified period of time. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Courts regularly enforced these noncompete clauses if their restrictions were reasonable in scope, duration and geographic range. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;In August 2008, however, &lt;st1:State w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:State&gt; enacted the Broadcast Employees Freedom to Work Act (BEFWA), which prohibits broadcast industry employers from including certain noncompete clauses in employment contracts. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The statute&#8217;s enactment was due in part to successful lobbying by prominent entertainment labor unions including the American Federation of Television &amp;amp; Radio Artists (AFTRA).&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;AFTRA&#8217;s members testified at legislative committee hearings and sent hundreds of letters and emails in support of the statute to state legislators and New York Governor David A. Paterson. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The enactment of the BEFWA is a major victory for &lt;st1:State w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:State&gt; broadcast employees because it vastly expands the job market for many of them. As a result, the number of broadcast industry employees leaving &lt;st1:State w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:State&gt; in order to find work that did not violate their previous employment agreements will be reduced significantly. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;This is a win-win for broadcast industry employees who now have expanded job opportunities as well as &lt;st1:State w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:State&gt; because it will keep jobs within its borders. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;It may appear that the only losers are the broadcast industry employers whose ability to restrict former employees&#8217; post-employment actions has been curtailed significantly. Employers, however, may also benefit because this should provide an increased pool of talent available for hire. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Here are three things employers and employees should know about the BEFWA: &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;What Does It Say? &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The BEFWA states that a broadcast industry employer may not require as a condition of employment that a broadcast employee (or prospective employee) refrain from obtaining employment: in any specified geographic area, for a specific period of time, or with any particular employer or in any particular industry, following the conclusion of his or her employment with the broadcast industry employer. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;If a broadcast industry employer were to violate the BEFWA, it would be civilly liable for not only the broadcast employee&#8217;s damages, but also attorney&#8217;s fees and costs. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Moreover, the BEFWA expressly provides that its protections cannot be waived, and that any attempt to do so shall be null and void and unenforceable in court. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The BEFWA carves out the following exception to its general provisions: &#8220;[The BEFWA] shall not apply to preventing the enforcement of such a covenant during the term of an employment contract.&#8221; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;This should be an obvious conclusion as any employer should have the right to enforce the breach of a restrictive covenant violated while the employee is working for that employer. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Therefore, noncompete agreements concerning an employee&#8217;s actions during the term of employment may still be enforceable (based upon the particular circumstances, such as when the employer is in breach of the employment contract). &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Other covenants limiting the post-employment rights of the broadcast employee are similarly unaffected. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Does BEFWA Concern Me or My Company? &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The BEFWA broadly defines &#8220;broadcast employee&#8221; as both &#8220;on-air&#8221; and &#8220;off-air&#8221; employees. Yet that term is not all-encompassing in that management employees do not constitute broadcast employees for the purposes of the statute. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Accordingly, noncompete agreements concerning management employees remain enforceable and are subject to the traditional &#8220;reasonableness&#8221; test. Similarly, independent contractors do not reap the benefits of the BEFWA. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;The statute&#8217;s definition of &#8220;broadcast industry employer&#8221; is expansive and includes TV stations or networks, radio stations or networks, cable stations or networks, Internet or satellite-based services similar to a broadcast station or network, any broadcast entity affiliated with the aforementioned employers, or any other entity providing broadcasting services such as news, weather, traffic, sports or entertainment reports or programming. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;What Lies Ahead? &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;As with any new law, the courts will be left with the challenge of interpreting the parameters of the BEFWA and how it applies. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;It will be no surprise to see the statute&#8217;s more ambiguous terms, such as &#8220;management employee&#8221; and &#8220;other entity providing broadcasting services,&#8221; as the basis for litigation when parties seek clarification of the meanings of those terms in order to determine whether the statute governs their conduct. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Additionally, broadcast industry employers may seek to hire independent contractors, rather than &#8220;broadcast industry employees,&#8221; in order to bypass the prohibitions of the BEFWA. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;Finally, employers may &#8220;beef up&#8221; other lawful post-employment restrictions, such as rights of first refusal, non-solicitation, nondisclosure and confidentiality agreements, in an attempt to compensate for the loss of the ability to enforce post-employment noncompete provisions. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Times New Roman&quot; color=&quot;#000000&quot; size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;These considerations demonstrate the significant impact the BEFWA is expected to have on &lt;st1:State w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:State&gt;&#8217;s employment landscape within the broadcast industry. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</itunes:summary>
<itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/27/</guid>
			<author>Fernando Pinguelo</author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 11 Feb 2009 21:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>Articles</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/21/</link>
			<title>A REPORTER'S CONFIDENTIAL SOURCE . . . REVEALED?</title>
			<description>&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;text121&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ansi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt&quot;&gt;By Fernando M. Pinguelo, Esq. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;border-left-color: #ffffff; border-bottom-color: #ffffff; width: 209px; border-top-color: #ffffff; height: 292px; border-right-color: #ffffff&quot; height=&quot;292&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;/attachments/wysiwyg/4/Pinguelo.JPG&quot; width=&quot;209&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt&quot;&gt;&lt;v:shapetype id=&quot;_x0000_t75&quot; stroked=&quot;f&quot; filled=&quot;f&quot; path=&quot;m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe&quot; o:preferrelative=&quot;t&quot; o:spt=&quot;75&quot; coordsize=&quot;21600,21600&quot;&gt;&lt;v:stroke joinstyle=&quot;miter&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:stroke&gt;&lt;v:formulas&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 1 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum 0 0 @1&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @2 1 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelWidth&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelHeight&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 0 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @6 1 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelWidth&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @8 21600 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelHeight&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @10 21600 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:formulas&gt;&lt;v:path o:connecttype=&quot;rect&quot; gradientshapeok=&quot;t&quot; o:extrusionok=&quot;f&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:path&gt;&lt;o:lock aspectratio=&quot;t&quot; v:ext=&quot;edit&quot;&gt;&lt;/o:lock&gt;&lt;/v:shapetype&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1025&quot; style=&quot;width: 0.75pt; height: 0.75pt&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;&lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;file:///C:\DOCUME~1\Jackie\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.gif&quot; o:href=&quot;http://www.tvspy.com/images/spacer_1x1.gif&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:imagedata&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;The June 2007 sentencing of Lewis &#8220;Scooter&#8221; Libby who was convicted on federal charges of lying and obstructing an investigation into the Bush administration's actions leading into the &lt;st1:country-region w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Iraq&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; war reminds us of how far reporters will go to protect their sources of information and the consequences of such confidentiality.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt; reporter Judith Miller's life changed dramatically on July 6, 2005 when a federal judge ordered her jailed for her continued refusal to give evidence in a grand jury investigation into the disclosure of the identity of a covert CIA operative.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Miller&#8217;s imprisonment culminated from a series of events that began with President George W. Bush&#8217;s &lt;st1:date w:st=&quot;on&quot; year=&quot;2003&quot; day=&quot;28&quot; month=&quot;1&quot;&gt;January 28, 2003&lt;/st1:date&gt;, State of the Union address wherein it was revealed that British intelligence had learned that Saddam Hussein sought significant quantities of uranium from &lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Africa&lt;/st1:place&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The President&#8217;s statement, given at a time when an Iraqi invasion was looming, stirred public controversy.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The most damaging report calling into question the accuracy of the President&#8217;s statement occurred on &lt;st1:date w:st=&quot;on&quot; year=&quot;2003&quot; day=&quot;6&quot; month=&quot;7&quot;&gt;July 6, 2003&lt;/st1:date&gt;, when former Ambassador Joseph Wilson&#8217;s op-ed piece in the&lt;em&gt; New York Times &lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;disclosed that his investigation found no credible evidence that &lt;st1:country-region w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Iraq&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; had been seeking to purchase uranium from &lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:country-region w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Niger&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;A few days later, columnist Robert Novak&#8217;s &lt;em&gt;Chicago Sun-Times&lt;/em&gt; column revealed that two senior administration officials disclosed the circumstances surrounding &lt;st1:city w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Wilson&lt;/st1:city&gt;&#8217;s 2002 investigation and the role &lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:city w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Wilson&lt;/st1:city&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&#8217;s wife, Valerie Plame, played in the assignment.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Novak referred to Plame as a CIA &#8220;operative on weapons of mass destruction.&#8221;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Thereafter, other media reports followed and reiterated Plame&#8217;s status in the CIA.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;By December 2003, an investigation ensued and a special prosecutor was appointed to determine whether government officials unlawfully disclosed the identity of a covert agent.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Grand jury subpoenas were served upon several reporters, including Miller.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Although &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN&quot;&gt;Miller did not write about Plame, she was reportedly in possession of evidence relevant to the investigation.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Initially, the reporters refused to reveal their sources primarily on the grounds of First Amendment and federal common law privileges protecting communications from confidential sources.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;However, after a district court judge rejected the reporters&#8217; arguments, all but one lone reporter &#8211;Miller &#8211; ended their fight and succumbed to the rule of law.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Miller &#8211; who spent 85 days in jail &#8211; was eventually released after &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN&quot;&gt;speaking with &lt;a title=&quot;Lewis libby&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Libby&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none&quot;&gt;Lewis Libby&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; who reaffirmed an earlier release of confidentiality that he had given her.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN&quot;&gt;Miller &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;paid the ultimate price for her silence &#8211; imprisonment.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Her case presents two fundamental questions: (1) Under what circumstances can a reporter legally withhold the identity of a source? (2) Are reporters under an ethical obligation to explain to their sources that they may not be able to protect the information or their identity in certain circumstances? &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Reporters can generally safeguard their sources' anonymity without fear of compelled disclosure. However, once litigation is instituted, especially in the criminal context, the rules change.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Here's some information reporters need to know to protect not only their confidential news sources, but also their personal reputations. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Competing Interests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;For Confidentiality:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
From a reporter's perspective, confidential sources often provide access to crucial information necessary for the exposure of illegalities and other corruption in society. One need only glance back to the Watergate scandal, a story that has been in the forefront of media coverage again because of the revelation of the identity of &#8220;Deep Throat,&#8221; to appreciate these benefits. Protection against disclosure helps assure that knowledgeable yet reluctant sources of sensitive information will come forward and provide information to reporters without fear of retaliation or embarrassment. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;For Disclosure:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
From a legal public policy perspective, a source's identity can be of critical importance to a criminal investigation, especially at the grand jury stage, where prosecutors investigate whether a serious crime has been committed (as is the case in Miller&#8217;s situation).&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Or, from a criminal defense perspective, defendants have a right to confront their accusers.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Revelation of a source's identity also plays an important role in civil cases, in particular defamation lawsuits alleging the publication of false information. For public figures, a source&#8217;s identity may be even more critical to their defamation cases because of their heightened burden to not only prove falsity, but also malice.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;The Foundation of Reporter's &#8220;Privilege&#8221;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;The U.S. Supreme Court addressed the issue of a reporter's &quot;privilege&quot; in 1972. In &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Branzburg v. Hayes&lt;/em&gt;, the Court held that the First Amendment did not give journalists the right to refuse to testify in a grand jury proceeding. With facts similar to the ones implicated in Miller&#8217;s case, the Supreme Court made it clear that it would not accept the premise that &#8220;the public interest in possible future news about crime from undisclosed, unverified sources must take precedence over the public interest in pursuing and prosecuting those crimes reported to the press by informants and thus deterring the commission of such crimes in the future.&#8221; However, the Supreme Court did acknowledge that newsgathering is not without protection and left it to the states and the federal courts to decide when newsgathering interests could reasonably support the reporter's claim of privilege. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Despite repeated attempts, Congress has not enacted a law recognizing the reporter's privilege to date.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;However, the Senate Judiciary Committee has conducted hearings on the issue of proposed legislation that would afford some protection to journalists. While enactment of such a law is far from guaranteed, public outcry has again brought the issue to the forefront of debate. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Notwithstanding limited federal protection, most state courts have recognized the existence of a qualified privilege in both the civil and criminal contexts. In fact, more than thirty states have gone so far as to enact &quot;Shield Laws,&quot; recognizing the important protection required by reporters. Each state&#8217;s protections vary, with some states protecting only the &quot;source,&quot; while others afford protection to both the source and the unpublished information. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;The Balancing &quot;Test&quot; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;In states where the reporter&#8217;s privilege is recognized, the privilege is usually not absolute, and various competing interests will be balanced when a court considers a reporter&#8217;s refusal to reveal the identity of his or her source. To tip the scale in favor of disclosure, this balance often includes a showing that: (1) the information is unavailable and cannot be obtained elsewhere; (2) the information is not cumulative and is &quot;of central importance&quot; to the case; and (3) the need for the information weighs in favor of disclosure. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Be Sure to Assert It and Don't Waive It!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;When faced with a subpoena compelling disclosure, a reporter cannot simply turn a blind eye or refuse to cooperate. A few procedures must be followed to validly assert the privilege. They include (1) responding to the request and immediately invoking the privilege; (2) asserting that the information was revealed in confidence; and (3) asserting that the confidentiality is essential to the satisfactory maintenance of the relationship between the parties. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;In addition, it is crucial that a reporter not inadvertently waive the privilege. Waiver occurs when the reporter voluntarily discloses the information or acts in a way contrary to the purposes of the privilege. Waivers most frequently occur when reporters commence lawsuits alleging damage to their ability to use sources, or when reporters unwittingly use third parties as vehicles of communication with their sources. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Don't Make Promises You Can't (or Won't) Keep&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;According to the Journalism Statement of Principles: &quot;Pledges of confidentiality to news sources must be honored at all costs, and therefore should not be given lightly.&quot; This principle reflects the ethical or moral obligation reporters often feel to protect certain information or a source's identity irrespective of the law. However, as we saw with Miller, pledges of confidentiality cannot always &lt;u&gt;legally&lt;/u&gt; be honored. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Given the highly sensitive nature of the information, the reporter has an ethical obligation to explain the nature and consequences of the privilege to a source at the outset. In doing so, reporters are encouraged and well-advised to make any promises of confidentiality sparingly because a reporter's interest in protecting the identity of the source may, in fact, yield to the public interest in disclosure. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Remember, it's &lt;u&gt;your&lt;/u&gt; reputation that's on the line. Knowing the parameters and pitfalls of the privilege can help you make the right call in any given situation. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;This article is written to provide readers with a very general overview of the reporter's privilege. The information contained herein should not be construed as providing legal advice and should not be relied on for that purpose. If you have specific legal questions, the author suggests seeking the advice of a qualified attorney.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt; &lt;br&gt;
&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1026&quot; style=&quot;width: 0.75pt; height: 0.75pt&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;&lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;file:///C:\DOCUME~1\Jackie\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.gif&quot; o:href=&quot;http://www.tvspy.com/images/spacer_1x1.gif&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:imagedata&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;About the Author&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;normalweb&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Fernando M. Pinguelo is a trial lawyer licensed to practice law in &lt;st1:city w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/st1:city&gt;, &lt;st1:state w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;New Jersey&lt;/st1:state&gt; and &lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:city w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Washington&lt;/st1:city&gt;, &lt;st1:state w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;D.C.&lt;/st1:state&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt; He focuses his practice in the broadcasting sector, building off his ties to Emmy Award-winning clients. He also serves as a regular article contributor for the National Association of Television Arts and Sciences (New York Chapter), TVSpy, &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Next Generation TV&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Shop Talk&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;Fernando has published several articles and lectures on a variety of topics including copyright, contracts, entertainment, employment law, and information technology.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;He has appeared on television several times&amp;nbsp;as a legal commentator on various high-profile trials, and has been quoted in many newspapers and magazines, and on radio and television broadcasts regarding high-impact cases&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;he has handled.&amp;nbsp; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;normalweb&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Fernando welcomes questions and/or feedback on any related issues and can be reached either by phone, (908) 722-0700, or via email, &lt;a href=&quot;&amp;#109;&amp;#97;&amp;#105;&amp;#108;&amp;#116;&amp;#111;&amp;#58;&amp;#102;&amp;#109;&amp;#112;&amp;#64;&amp;#110;&amp;#109;&amp;#109;&amp;#108;&amp;#97;&amp;#119;&amp;#46;&amp;#99;&amp;#111;&amp;#109;&quot;&gt;fmp@nmmlaw.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;He invites you to visit his website to learn more about similar topics: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nmmlaw.com/attorneys/fmp.html&quot;&gt;http://www.nmmlaw.com/attorneys/fmp.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;23-Jul-07 5:00 PM
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>A REPORTER'S CONFIDENTIAL SOURCE . . . REVEALED?</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;text121&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ansi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt&quot;&gt;By Fernando M. Pinguelo, Esq. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;border-left-color: #ffffff; border-bottom-color: #ffffff; width: 209px; border-top-color: #ffffff; height: 292px; border-right-color: #ffffff&quot; height=&quot;292&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;/attachments/wysiwyg/4/Pinguelo.JPG&quot; width=&quot;209&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt&quot;&gt;&lt;v:shapetype id=&quot;_x0000_t75&quot; stroked=&quot;f&quot; filled=&quot;f&quot; path=&quot;m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe&quot; o:preferrelative=&quot;t&quot; o:spt=&quot;75&quot; coordsize=&quot;21600,21600&quot;&gt;&lt;v:stroke joinstyle=&quot;miter&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:stroke&gt;&lt;v:formulas&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 1 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum 0 0 @1&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @2 1 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelWidth&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelHeight&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 0 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @6 1 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelWidth&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @8 21600 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelHeight&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @10 21600 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:formulas&gt;&lt;v:path o:connecttype=&quot;rect&quot; gradientshapeok=&quot;t&quot; o:extrusionok=&quot;f&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:path&gt;&lt;o:lock aspectratio=&quot;t&quot; v:ext=&quot;edit&quot;&gt;&lt;/o:lock&gt;&lt;/v:shapetype&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1025&quot; style=&quot;width: 0.75pt; height: 0.75pt&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;&lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;file:///C:\DOCUME~1\Jackie\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.gif&quot; o:href=&quot;http://www.tvspy.com/images/spacer_1x1.gif&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:imagedata&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;The June 2007 sentencing of Lewis &#8220;Scooter&#8221; Libby who was convicted on federal charges of lying and obstructing an investigation into the Bush administration's actions leading into the &lt;st1:country-region w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Iraq&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; war reminds us of how far reporters will go to protect their sources of information and the consequences of such confidentiality.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;New York Times&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt; reporter Judith Miller's life changed dramatically on July 6, 2005 when a federal judge ordered her jailed for her continued refusal to give evidence in a grand jury investigation into the disclosure of the identity of a covert CIA operative.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Miller&#8217;s imprisonment culminated from a series of events that began with President George W. Bush&#8217;s &lt;st1:date w:st=&quot;on&quot; year=&quot;2003&quot; day=&quot;28&quot; month=&quot;1&quot;&gt;January 28, 2003&lt;/st1:date&gt;, State of the Union address wherein it was revealed that British intelligence had learned that Saddam Hussein sought significant quantities of uranium from &lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Africa&lt;/st1:place&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The President&#8217;s statement, given at a time when an Iraqi invasion was looming, stirred public controversy.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The most damaging report calling into question the accuracy of the President&#8217;s statement occurred on &lt;st1:date w:st=&quot;on&quot; year=&quot;2003&quot; day=&quot;6&quot; month=&quot;7&quot;&gt;July 6, 2003&lt;/st1:date&gt;, when former Ambassador Joseph Wilson&#8217;s op-ed piece in the&lt;em&gt; New York Times &lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;disclosed that his investigation found no credible evidence that &lt;st1:country-region w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Iraq&lt;/st1:country-region&gt; had been seeking to purchase uranium from &lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:country-region w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Niger&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;A few days later, columnist Robert Novak&#8217;s &lt;em&gt;Chicago Sun-Times&lt;/em&gt; column revealed that two senior administration officials disclosed the circumstances surrounding &lt;st1:city w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Wilson&lt;/st1:city&gt;&#8217;s 2002 investigation and the role &lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:city w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Wilson&lt;/st1:city&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&#8217;s wife, Valerie Plame, played in the assignment.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Novak referred to Plame as a CIA &#8220;operative on weapons of mass destruction.&#8221;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Thereafter, other media reports followed and reiterated Plame&#8217;s status in the CIA.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;By December 2003, an investigation ensued and a special prosecutor was appointed to determine whether government officials unlawfully disclosed the identity of a covert agent.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Grand jury subpoenas were served upon several reporters, including Miller.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Although &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN&quot;&gt;Miller did not write about Plame, she was reportedly in possession of evidence relevant to the investigation.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Initially, the reporters refused to reveal their sources primarily on the grounds of First Amendment and federal common law privileges protecting communications from confidential sources.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;However, after a district court judge rejected the reporters&#8217; arguments, all but one lone reporter &#8211;Miller &#8211; ended their fight and succumbed to the rule of law.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Miller &#8211; who spent 85 days in jail &#8211; was eventually released after &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN&quot;&gt;speaking with &lt;a title=&quot;Lewis libby&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Libby&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none&quot;&gt;Lewis Libby&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; who reaffirmed an earlier release of confidentiality that he had given her.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN&quot;&gt;Miller &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;paid the ultimate price for her silence &#8211; imprisonment.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Her case presents two fundamental questions: (1) Under what circumstances can a reporter legally withhold the identity of a source? (2) Are reporters under an ethical obligation to explain to their sources that they may not be able to protect the information or their identity in certain circumstances? &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Reporters can generally safeguard their sources' anonymity without fear of compelled disclosure. However, once litigation is instituted, especially in the criminal context, the rules change.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Here's some information reporters need to know to protect not only their confidential news sources, but also their personal reputations. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Competing Interests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;For Confidentiality:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
From a reporter's perspective, confidential sources often provide access to crucial information necessary for the exposure of illegalities and other corruption in society. One need only glance back to the Watergate scandal, a story that has been in the forefront of media coverage again because of the revelation of the identity of &#8220;Deep Throat,&#8221; to appreciate these benefits. Protection against disclosure helps assure that knowledgeable yet reluctant sources of sensitive information will come forward and provide information to reporters without fear of retaliation or embarrassment. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;For Disclosure:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
From a legal public policy perspective, a source's identity can be of critical importance to a criminal investigation, especially at the grand jury stage, where prosecutors investigate whether a serious crime has been committed (as is the case in Miller&#8217;s situation).&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Or, from a criminal defense perspective, defendants have a right to confront their accusers.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Revelation of a source's identity also plays an important role in civil cases, in particular defamation lawsuits alleging the publication of false information. For public figures, a source&#8217;s identity may be even more critical to their defamation cases because of their heightened burden to not only prove falsity, but also malice.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;The Foundation of Reporter's &#8220;Privilege&#8221;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;The U.S. Supreme Court addressed the issue of a reporter's &quot;privilege&quot; in 1972. In &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Branzburg v. Hayes&lt;/em&gt;, the Court held that the First Amendment did not give journalists the right to refuse to testify in a grand jury proceeding. With facts similar to the ones implicated in Miller&#8217;s case, the Supreme Court made it clear that it would not accept the premise that &#8220;the public interest in possible future news about crime from undisclosed, unverified sources must take precedence over the public interest in pursuing and prosecuting those crimes reported to the press by informants and thus deterring the commission of such crimes in the future.&#8221; However, the Supreme Court did acknowledge that newsgathering is not without protection and left it to the states and the federal courts to decide when newsgathering interests could reasonably support the reporter's claim of privilege. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Despite repeated attempts, Congress has not enacted a law recognizing the reporter's privilege to date.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;However, the Senate Judiciary Committee has conducted hearings on the issue of proposed legislation that would afford some protection to journalists. While enactment of such a law is far from guaranteed, public outcry has again brought the issue to the forefront of debate. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Notwithstanding limited federal protection, most state courts have recognized the existence of a qualified privilege in both the civil and criminal contexts. In fact, more than thirty states have gone so far as to enact &quot;Shield Laws,&quot; recognizing the important protection required by reporters. Each state&#8217;s protections vary, with some states protecting only the &quot;source,&quot; while others afford protection to both the source and the unpublished information. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;The Balancing &quot;Test&quot; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;In states where the reporter&#8217;s privilege is recognized, the privilege is usually not absolute, and various competing interests will be balanced when a court considers a reporter&#8217;s refusal to reveal the identity of his or her source. To tip the scale in favor of disclosure, this balance often includes a showing that: (1) the information is unavailable and cannot be obtained elsewhere; (2) the information is not cumulative and is &quot;of central importance&quot; to the case; and (3) the need for the information weighs in favor of disclosure. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Be Sure to Assert It and Don't Waive It!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;When faced with a subpoena compelling disclosure, a reporter cannot simply turn a blind eye or refuse to cooperate. A few procedures must be followed to validly assert the privilege. They include (1) responding to the request and immediately invoking the privilege; (2) asserting that the information was revealed in confidence; and (3) asserting that the confidentiality is essential to the satisfactory maintenance of the relationship between the parties. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;In addition, it is crucial that a reporter not inadvertently waive the privilege. Waiver occurs when the reporter voluntarily discloses the information or acts in a way contrary to the purposes of the privilege. Waivers most frequently occur when reporters commence lawsuits alleging damage to their ability to use sources, or when reporters unwittingly use third parties as vehicles of communication with their sources. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Don't Make Promises You Can't (or Won't) Keep&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;According to the Journalism Statement of Principles: &quot;Pledges of confidentiality to news sources must be honored at all costs, and therefore should not be given lightly.&quot; This principle reflects the ethical or moral obligation reporters often feel to protect certain information or a source's identity irrespective of the law. However, as we saw with Miller, pledges of confidentiality cannot always &lt;u&gt;legally&lt;/u&gt; be honored. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Given the highly sensitive nature of the information, the reporter has an ethical obligation to explain the nature and consequences of the privilege to a source at the outset. In doing so, reporters are encouraged and well-advised to make any promises of confidentiality sparingly because a reporter's interest in protecting the identity of the source may, in fact, yield to the public interest in disclosure. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Remember, it's &lt;u&gt;your&lt;/u&gt; reputation that's on the line. Knowing the parameters and pitfalls of the privilege can help you make the right call in any given situation. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;This article is written to provide readers with a very general overview of the reporter's privilege. The information contained herein should not be construed as providing legal advice and should not be relied on for that purpose. If you have specific legal questions, the author suggests seeking the advice of a qualified attorney.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; color: black; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt; &lt;br&gt;
&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1026&quot; style=&quot;width: 0.75pt; height: 0.75pt&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;&lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;file:///C:\DOCUME~1\Jackie\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.gif&quot; o:href=&quot;http://www.tvspy.com/images/spacer_1x1.gif&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:imagedata&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;About the Author&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;normalweb&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Fernando M. Pinguelo is a trial lawyer licensed to practice law in &lt;st1:city w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/st1:city&gt;, &lt;st1:state w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;New Jersey&lt;/st1:state&gt; and &lt;st1:place w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:city w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;Washington&lt;/st1:city&gt;, &lt;st1:state w:st=&quot;on&quot;&gt;D.C.&lt;/st1:state&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt; He focuses his practice in the broadcasting sector, building off his ties to Emmy Award-winning clients. He also serves as a regular article contributor for the National Association of Television Arts and Sciences (New York Chapter), TVSpy, &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Next Generation TV&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em style=&quot;mso-bidi-font-style: normal&quot;&gt;Shop Talk&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;Fernando has published several articles and lectures on a variety of topics including copyright, contracts, entertainment, employment law, and information technology.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;He has appeared on television several times&amp;nbsp;as a legal commentator on various high-profile trials, and has been quoted in many newspapers and magazines, and on radio and television broadcasts regarding high-impact cases&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;he has handled.&amp;nbsp; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;normalweb&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;Fernando welcomes questions and/or feedback on any related issues and can be reached either by phone, (908) 722-0700, or via email, &lt;a href=&quot;&amp;#109;&amp;#97;&amp;#105;&amp;#108;&amp;#116;&amp;#111;&amp;#58;&amp;#102;&amp;#109;&amp;#112;&amp;#64;&amp;#110;&amp;#109;&amp;#109;&amp;#108;&amp;#97;&amp;#119;&amp;#46;&amp;#99;&amp;#111;&amp;#109;&quot;&gt;fmp@nmmlaw.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;He invites you to visit his website to learn more about similar topics: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nmmlaw.com/attorneys/fmp.html&quot;&gt;http://www.nmmlaw.com/attorneys/fmp.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</itunes:summary>
<itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/21/</guid>
			<pubDate>Mon, 23 Jul 2007 22:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>Articles</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/19/</link>
			<title>Gootopia - Living in a Targeted Society</title>
			<description>&lt;p&gt;Alethea Hokum sat quietly, barely breathing. Her glazed eyes showed
a faint reflection of the video monitor that had lulled her into
semi-consciousness. Startled and just a bit confused, she reached down
to silence her vibrating PDA. But something caught her eye. It was a
text message offering her an additional 15 percent off if she would
like her carpets cleaned this week. Of course the text message was just
a few seconds out of sync with the sponsorship message she had just
seen, but Alethea knew the offer was especially for her. It was an
offer she couldn&amp;#8217;t refuse.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;She hit the pause button on her television, answered the text
message with a simple &quot;y&quot; and pressed send. Two clicks on her remote to
get back to the part of the show she missed and less than a minute
later, Alethea Hokum returned to her blissful world of personalized,
highly relevant media.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Across town, Verity Bunker, a stay-at-home mother of two, was taking
a much-needed retail therapy break. As she approached a digital sign at
the mall, the message changed to show a woman, with a physique quite
similar to her own, in a remarkably familiar setting. Verity could not
put her finger on it, but she knew that she had to visit this
particular store on this particular trip &amp;#8212; what was it about that sign?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Welcome to Gootopia &amp;#8212; a place where everything you do, everything
you interact with, every behavior you exhibit is analyzed, synthesized
and optimized to reflect a world that is most relevant to you. In this
targeted society, advertisers and marketers know absolutely everything
they could ever want to know about everyone. What they like, whom they
like, where they like to go and even more importantly, what everyone
doesn&amp;#8217;t like. Gootopia may sound like a marketer&amp;#8217;s paradise, but it is
perdition for almost everyone else.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Would you like to see one of the landmarks you must pass on the road
to Gootopia? Visit http://www.google.com/history where you can view and
manage your web activity, get the search results most relevant to you
and follow interesting trends in your web activity.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;What?? Yes, you read it right. Just let Google completely analyze
your time online and they will reward you with some personal management
tools. What else will they do with the information?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I&amp;#8217;m not Dr. Phil, but this sounds like a &quot;how to&quot; manual for
destroying even the best of relationships. &quot;Hi honey, here&amp;#8217;s a complete
log of every website I&amp;#8217;ve visited in the last 30 days and how much time
I&amp;#8217;ve spent on them&amp;#8230; let me see yours.&quot; Do you know a couple anywhere on
this planet whose relationship could survive that information exchange?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Forgetting the privacy issues (formidable as they are), let&amp;#8217;s ask a
few business questions about the value of hyper-targeted media. Is it
really valuable? Certainly not on an individual basis.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Statisticians will tell you that, with the appropriate sample size
and mathematical tools, it is relatively easy to predict what a
population will do. However, it is absolutely impossible to predict
what any individual will do. As you well know, when it comes to your
personal decisions, past performance is rarely an indicator of future
performance. So, we can predict that tonight in Manhattan, 5,437
dinners will be served at restaurants that feature Mexican food, but we
can&amp;#8217;t predict who will eat them.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Even if you could predict, with a reasonable margin of accuracy, who
would frequent these culinary establishments this evening, would it
help you market to them? What would you do differently? Would your
advanced knowledge of this particular behavior enable you to extract a
greater share of wallet from this hyper-targeted audience? Probably not.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It is pretty reasonable to assume that people who walk into Mexican
restaurants are looking forward to eating Mexican food. Knowing who is
on their way won&amp;#8217;t change much about the experience they have inside.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Now, is there some information we could aggregate and analyze that
would allow us to put an idea into someone&amp;#8217;s head that today would be a
great day to have a Mexican dinner? Couldn&amp;#8217;t hyper-targeted marketing
help us do that?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Absolutely! Right up until the target&amp;#8217;s social network helps them decide otherwise. It happens all the time.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Later that day, Alethea and Verity meet-up with two of their friends
at the Tennis Club. Verity says, &quot;&amp;#8230; you know, I&amp;#8217;ve been thinking about
Mexican food all day. Anyone want to join me?&quot; Three of the four women
agree but Alethea says, &quot;That sounds fine, but you know what? The best
Chinese restaurant in town is just a block away from here. Why don&amp;#8217;t we
go there?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;So much for all of the day&amp;#8217;s hyper-targeted Mexican food marketing
dollars, or &amp;#8212; was it the fact that the Chinese food trade federation
outspent them and got Alethea, the thought leader, to influence the
group. Wow! Gootopia is going to be a strange place to live.&lt;/p&gt; 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;31-May-07 4:00 PM
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>Gootopia - Living in a Targeted Society</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>&lt;p&gt;Alethea Hokum sat quietly, barely breathing. Her glazed eyes showed
a faint reflection of the video monitor that had lulled her into
semi-consciousness. Startled and just a bit confused, she reached down
to silence her vibrating PDA. But something caught her eye. It was a
text message offering her an additional 15 percent off if she would
like her carpets cleaned this week. Of course the text message was just
a few seconds out of sync with the sponsorship message she had just
seen, but Alethea knew the offer was especially for her. It was an
offer she couldn&amp;#8217;t refuse.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;She hit the pause button on her television, answered the text
message with a simple &quot;y&quot; and pressed send. Two clicks on her remote to
get back to the part of the show she missed and less than a minute
later, Alethea Hokum returned to her blissful world of personalized,
highly relevant media.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Across town, Verity Bunker, a stay-at-home mother of two, was taking
a much-needed retail therapy break. As she approached a digital sign at
the mall, the message changed to show a woman, with a physique quite
similar to her own, in a remarkably familiar setting. Verity could not
put her finger on it, but she knew that she had to visit this
particular store on this particular trip &amp;#8212; what was it about that sign?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Welcome to Gootopia &amp;#8212; a place where everything you do, everything
you interact with, every behavior you exhibit is analyzed, synthesized
and optimized to reflect a world that is most relevant to you. In this
targeted society, advertisers and marketers know absolutely everything
they could ever want to know about everyone. What they like, whom they
like, where they like to go and even more importantly, what everyone
doesn&amp;#8217;t like. Gootopia may sound like a marketer&amp;#8217;s paradise, but it is
perdition for almost everyone else.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Would you like to see one of the landmarks you must pass on the road
to Gootopia? Visit http://www.google.com/history where you can view and
manage your web activity, get the search results most relevant to you
and follow interesting trends in your web activity.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;What?? Yes, you read it right. Just let Google completely analyze
your time online and they will reward you with some personal management
tools. What else will they do with the information?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I&amp;#8217;m not Dr. Phil, but this sounds like a &quot;how to&quot; manual for
destroying even the best of relationships. &quot;Hi honey, here&amp;#8217;s a complete
log of every website I&amp;#8217;ve visited in the last 30 days and how much time
I&amp;#8217;ve spent on them&amp;#8230; let me see yours.&quot; Do you know a couple anywhere on
this planet whose relationship could survive that information exchange?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Forgetting the privacy issues (formidable as they are), let&amp;#8217;s ask a
few business questions about the value of hyper-targeted media. Is it
really valuable? Certainly not on an individual basis.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Statisticians will tell you that, with the appropriate sample size
and mathematical tools, it is relatively easy to predict what a
population will do. However, it is absolutely impossible to predict
what any individual will do. As you well know, when it comes to your
personal decisions, past performance is rarely an indicator of future
performance. So, we can predict that tonight in Manhattan, 5,437
dinners will be served at restaurants that feature Mexican food, but we
can&amp;#8217;t predict who will eat them.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Even if you could predict, with a reasonable margin of accuracy, who
would frequent these culinary establishments this evening, would it
help you market to them? What would you do differently? Would your
advanced knowledge of this particular behavior enable you to extract a
greater share of wallet from this hyper-targeted audience? Probably not.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It is pretty reasonable to assume that people who walk into Mexican
restaurants are looking forward to eating Mexican food. Knowing who is
on their way won&amp;#8217;t change much about the experience they have inside.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Now, is there some information we could aggregate and analyze that
would allow us to put an idea into someone&amp;#8217;s head that today would be a
great day to have a Mexican dinner? Couldn&amp;#8217;t hyper-targeted marketing
help us do that?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Absolutely! Right up until the target&amp;#8217;s social network helps them decide otherwise. It happens all the time.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Later that day, Alethea and Verity meet-up with two of their friends
at the Tennis Club. Verity says, &quot;&amp;#8230; you know, I&amp;#8217;ve been thinking about
Mexican food all day. Anyone want to join me?&quot; Three of the four women
agree but Alethea says, &quot;That sounds fine, but you know what? The best
Chinese restaurant in town is just a block away from here. Why don&amp;#8217;t we
go there?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;So much for all of the day&amp;#8217;s hyper-targeted Mexican food marketing
dollars, or &amp;#8212; was it the fact that the Chinese food trade federation
outspent them and got Alethea, the thought leader, to influence the
group. Wow! Gootopia is going to be a strange place to live.&lt;/p&gt;</itunes:summary>
<itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/19/</guid>
			<author>Shelly Palmer</author>
			<pubDate>Thu, 31 May 2007 21:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>Articles</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/14/</link>
			<title>Seeing The Future Through The Past</title>
			<description>&lt;h1 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;By &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:info@shellypalmer.com&quot;&gt;     Shelly Palmer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;     &lt;/font&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Chairman, Advanced Media      Committee&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;After the Wright brothers did their &amp;ldquo;proof of      concept&amp;rdquo; flight circa 1903, the fledging airline industry hit the road in      search of development capital. They brought their proposal to America&amp;rsquo;s      richest, most successful businessmen: the railroad barons. According to      legend, they were summarily dismissed. It seems the railroad tycoons didn&amp;rsquo;t      think much of the technology and felt it would never attain critical mass.     &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     The most popular criticism of the railroad executives opines that they were      too stupid to recognize that they were the transportation business, not the      railroad business. And, more importantly, they should have recognized the      airplane as the new new thing. &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Anyone who lives in the present might look at this story see it as glaringly      irrelevant. We don&amp;rsquo;t really know what the railroad guys were thinking, the      story is oversimplified hearsay. And, it took 40 plus years for the airline      industry reign supreme &amp;ndash; an evolutionary time-scale by today&amp;rsquo;s standards.      And, while we&amp;rsquo;re at it, what is the analog to the airline&amp;rsquo;s role in our      industry. Surely not the Internet &amp;ndash; that bubble has burst! Broadband?      Ridiculous! WiFi? Keep dreaming. PVRs? Unlikely. So why tell the story at      all?&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Like all good history lessons, if we apply context, it can help us see the      future through the past. The moral of this folktale is: know what business      you&amp;rsquo;re in. In context, 1903 was a comparatively na&amp;iuml;ve time. Things moved      slower and &lt;em&gt;post hoc, ergo propter hoc &lt;/em&gt;(A Latin phrase traditionally      interpreted as &amp;quot;After this, therefore because of this.&amp;quot;) was reasonably      assumed by almost everyone about almost everything. That was then. &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Today, we move in Internet time and no one with half a brain would ever be      self-important enough to posit that anything, but the most simple events,      are causal. We live in an extraordinarily random universe with some version      of chaos theory impacting every business decision &amp;ndash; no matter how small. We      also live in a world where technologies evolve decades before societal,      cultural or business rules can catch up to them. And, unlike 1903, 2003      offers dozens (even hundreds) of new technologies competing for the title of      rightful heir to television&amp;rsquo;s legacy. Who will win? What will the future      look like? Where should you spend your time and resources?&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     While there are an infinite number of paths that the future will not take,      there are far fewer probable paths. I don&amp;rsquo;t have &amp;ldquo;the&amp;rdquo; answer, but I can      offer a platform for your personal crystal ball to rest upon. &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     We are coming to the age of mass personalization. Current technology enables      and empowers distributors of media to touch their consumers in many      different places in many different ways. &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     What business are you in? Certainly not television, not broadcasting, not      cable and not satellite &amp;hellip; you are a distributor of media and your future      lies in millions of personal relationships that technology will enable you      to forge over the very near term.&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     While your sales department is busy taking orders for traditional television      advertising, trained salespeople from other distributors of media are      actually selling non-traditional properties to your clients. Your clients      don&amp;rsquo;t talk about it that much because no one property is that important.      Right now, advanced media must be aggregated to be meaningful. There are      few, if any, business rules for buying and selling, but they will evolve as      needed. Advanced media is a dispassionate, self-regulating system.&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Can you see the future through the past? It&amp;rsquo;s like a hundred little      fledgling airline industries competing for critical mass. With the scatter      market in the basement and an Olympic and election year coming, who has time      to think about this? You must! Because like all good viral entities, by the      time this one hits your radar, it will be too late.&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     -- Shelly Palmer is president of Palmer Advanced Media, a deep-knowledge      consulting practice specializing in transition advisement for brand      management and media companies.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt; 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;31-Aug-06 4:00 PM
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>Seeing The Future Through The Past</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>&lt;h1 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;By &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:info@shellypalmer.com&quot;&gt;     Shelly Palmer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;     &lt;/font&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Chairman, Advanced Media      Committee&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;After the Wright brothers did their &amp;ldquo;proof of      concept&amp;rdquo; flight circa 1903, the fledging airline industry hit the road in      search of development capital. They brought their proposal to America&amp;rsquo;s      richest, most successful businessmen: the railroad barons. According to      legend, they were summarily dismissed. It seems the railroad tycoons didn&amp;rsquo;t      think much of the technology and felt it would never attain critical mass.     &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     The most popular criticism of the railroad executives opines that they were      too stupid to recognize that they were the transportation business, not the      railroad business. And, more importantly, they should have recognized the      airplane as the new new thing. &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Anyone who lives in the present might look at this story see it as glaringly      irrelevant. We don&amp;rsquo;t really know what the railroad guys were thinking, the      story is oversimplified hearsay. And, it took 40 plus years for the airline      industry reign supreme &amp;ndash; an evolutionary time-scale by today&amp;rsquo;s standards.      And, while we&amp;rsquo;re at it, what is the analog to the airline&amp;rsquo;s role in our      industry. Surely not the Internet &amp;ndash; that bubble has burst! Broadband?      Ridiculous! WiFi? Keep dreaming. PVRs? Unlikely. So why tell the story at      all?&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Like all good history lessons, if we apply context, it can help us see the      future through the past. The moral of this folktale is: know what business      you&amp;rsquo;re in. In context, 1903 was a comparatively na&amp;iuml;ve time. Things moved      slower and &lt;em&gt;post hoc, ergo propter hoc &lt;/em&gt;(A Latin phrase traditionally      interpreted as &amp;quot;After this, therefore because of this.&amp;quot;) was reasonably      assumed by almost everyone about almost everything. That was then. &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Today, we move in Internet time and no one with half a brain would ever be      self-important enough to posit that anything, but the most simple events,      are causal. We live in an extraordinarily random universe with some version      of chaos theory impacting every business decision &amp;ndash; no matter how small. We      also live in a world where technologies evolve decades before societal,      cultural or business rules can catch up to them. And, unlike 1903, 2003      offers dozens (even hundreds) of new technologies competing for the title of      rightful heir to television&amp;rsquo;s legacy. Who will win? What will the future      look like? Where should you spend your time and resources?&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     While there are an infinite number of paths that the future will not take,      there are far fewer probable paths. I don&amp;rsquo;t have &amp;ldquo;the&amp;rdquo; answer, but I can      offer a platform for your personal crystal ball to rest upon. &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     We are coming to the age of mass personalization. Current technology enables      and empowers distributors of media to touch their consumers in many      different places in many different ways. &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     What business are you in? Certainly not television, not broadcasting, not      cable and not satellite &amp;hellip; you are a distributor of media and your future      lies in millions of personal relationships that technology will enable you      to forge over the very near term.&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     While your sales department is busy taking orders for traditional television      advertising, trained salespeople from other distributors of media are      actually selling non-traditional properties to your clients. Your clients      don&amp;rsquo;t talk about it that much because no one property is that important.      Right now, advanced media must be aggregated to be meaningful. There are      few, if any, business rules for buying and selling, but they will evolve as      needed. Advanced media is a dispassionate, self-regulating system.&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Can you see the future through the past? It&amp;rsquo;s like a hundred little      fledgling airline industries competing for critical mass. With the scatter      market in the basement and an Olympic and election year coming, who has time      to think about this? You must! Because like all good viral entities, by the      time this one hits your radar, it will be too late.&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     -- Shelly Palmer is president of Palmer Advanced Media, a deep-knowledge      consulting practice specializing in transition advisement for brand      management and media companies.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</itunes:summary>
<itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/14/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 31 Aug 2006 21:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>Articles</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/13/</link>
			<title>Scared of TiVo and Cable &#8230;Kick their butts with Virtual VOD!</title>
			<description>&lt;h1 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;By &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:info@shellypalmer.com&quot;&gt;     Shelly Palmer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;     &lt;/font&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Chairman, Advanced      Media Committee&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;The government granted you a bunch of digital      bandwidth. Pundits are saying that HD is the future, and you should think      seriously about using most of your big pipe for HD. It&amp;rsquo;s sort of a Field of      Dreams argument. &amp;ldquo;If you build it, they will come.&amp;rdquo; Perhaps. Some, less      popular engineers, have been advocating the multiplexing of a few dozen      digital SD channels instead &amp;hellip; maybe they&amp;rsquo;re on to something?&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Let&amp;rsquo;s do a thought experiment about brand and audience building. First,      we&amp;rsquo;ll multiplex your new digital signal into a bunch of SD channels. (That      will take some hardware, but not much.) Then we&amp;rsquo;ll need programming assets      that are brand relevant. And last, but not least, we&amp;rsquo;ll need a value      proposition for the viewers. Wrap it up in some clever marketing and you      have powerful a new product: Virtual VOD.&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Sadly, there are a few &amp;ldquo;real world&amp;rdquo; obstacles to this plan. Not the least of      which are retransmission rules, guild payments, music royalties &amp;hellip; the list      is practically endless. Or is it?&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     What if you already owned programming assets that viewers wanted and needed      in a time sensitive way. What if those assets were already responsible for a      huge portion of your revenue stream? What if you could program those assets,      let&amp;rsquo;s say, every half hour overlapping on different virtual SD channels      until you were ready to broadcast the next live show, and then started the      cycle over again? &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Obvious, isn&amp;rsquo;t it! &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Local News is the asset you can use right now to take advantage of this new      technology and, in the process, drive viewership, build brand equity and      actually serve your local community better. Re-running local news      programming every half hour on a different virtual channel will enable      viewers to see a complete newscast whenever they get home without TiVo or a      cable box.&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Want a great promotion? Get some local advertisers to subsidize a simple      batwing (indoor digital) antenna &amp;ndash; they don&amp;rsquo;t cost that much to begin with.      Imagine the value of your station logo or one of your clients&amp;rsquo; logos on a      hi-tech indoor digital antenna. The value proposition for the consumer is      extraordinary. They&amp;rsquo;ll get access to hundreds of digital broadcast channels      in the marketplace &amp;ldquo;for free.&amp;rdquo; But, the process will be branded by you!&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Let&amp;rsquo;s continue our thought experiment. At some point, the industry will      solve its &amp;ldquo;real world&amp;rdquo; problems. You will be able to re-run programming on      virtual channels in an economic way. No matter how far off in the future      that may be, you will still have created a strong bond with your viewers and      helped them get in the habit of using free over-the-air digital instead of      (or as a competitive, valuable adjunct to) TiVo, PVR&amp;rsquo;s or Cable VOD.&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     When most people think of Advanced Media, they make the mistake of thinking      about the distant future. Technology is not in the distant future &amp;ndash;      technology is here now. Business rules and market forces are the only true      obstacles to technological progress. So, if you have something of value that      people want, like local news. Why not use your technology to help you build      your special niche in television&amp;rsquo;s digital future.&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     -- Shelly Palmer is president of Palmer Advanced Media, a deep-knowledge      consulting practice specializing in transition advisement for brand      management and media companies.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt; 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;31-Aug-06 4:00 PM
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>Scared of TiVo and Cable &#8230;Kick their butts with Virtual VOD!</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>&lt;h1 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;By &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:info@shellypalmer.com&quot;&gt;     Shelly Palmer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;     &lt;/font&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Chairman, Advanced      Media Committee&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;The government granted you a bunch of digital      bandwidth. Pundits are saying that HD is the future, and you should think      seriously about using most of your big pipe for HD. It&amp;rsquo;s sort of a Field of      Dreams argument. &amp;ldquo;If you build it, they will come.&amp;rdquo; Perhaps. Some, less      popular engineers, have been advocating the multiplexing of a few dozen      digital SD channels instead &amp;hellip; maybe they&amp;rsquo;re on to something?&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Let&amp;rsquo;s do a thought experiment about brand and audience building. First,      we&amp;rsquo;ll multiplex your new digital signal into a bunch of SD channels. (That      will take some hardware, but not much.) Then we&amp;rsquo;ll need programming assets      that are brand relevant. And last, but not least, we&amp;rsquo;ll need a value      proposition for the viewers. Wrap it up in some clever marketing and you      have powerful a new product: Virtual VOD.&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Sadly, there are a few &amp;ldquo;real world&amp;rdquo; obstacles to this plan. Not the least of      which are retransmission rules, guild payments, music royalties &amp;hellip; the list      is practically endless. Or is it?&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     What if you already owned programming assets that viewers wanted and needed      in a time sensitive way. What if those assets were already responsible for a      huge portion of your revenue stream? What if you could program those assets,      let&amp;rsquo;s say, every half hour overlapping on different virtual SD channels      until you were ready to broadcast the next live show, and then started the      cycle over again? &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Obvious, isn&amp;rsquo;t it! &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Local News is the asset you can use right now to take advantage of this new      technology and, in the process, drive viewership, build brand equity and      actually serve your local community better. Re-running local news      programming every half hour on a different virtual channel will enable      viewers to see a complete newscast whenever they get home without TiVo or a      cable box.&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Want a great promotion? Get some local advertisers to subsidize a simple      batwing (indoor digital) antenna &amp;ndash; they don&amp;rsquo;t cost that much to begin with.      Imagine the value of your station logo or one of your clients&amp;rsquo; logos on a      hi-tech indoor digital antenna. The value proposition for the consumer is      extraordinary. They&amp;rsquo;ll get access to hundreds of digital broadcast channels      in the marketplace &amp;ldquo;for free.&amp;rdquo; But, the process will be branded by you!&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     Let&amp;rsquo;s continue our thought experiment. At some point, the industry will      solve its &amp;ldquo;real world&amp;rdquo; problems. You will be able to re-run programming on      virtual channels in an economic way. No matter how far off in the future      that may be, you will still have created a strong bond with your viewers and      helped them get in the habit of using free over-the-air digital instead of      (or as a competitive, valuable adjunct to) TiVo, PVR&amp;rsquo;s or Cable VOD.&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     When most people think of Advanced Media, they make the mistake of thinking      about the distant future. Technology is not in the distant future &amp;ndash;      technology is here now. Business rules and market forces are the only true      obstacles to technological progress. So, if you have something of value that      people want, like local news. Why not use your technology to help you build      your special niche in television&amp;rsquo;s digital future.&lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     &lt;br&gt;     -- Shelly Palmer is president of Palmer Advanced Media, a deep-knowledge      consulting practice specializing in transition advisement for brand      management and media companies.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</itunes:summary>
<itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/13/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 31 Aug 2006 21:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>Articles</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/16/</link>
			<title>The Death of the Demo</title>
			<description>&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;By     &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:info@shellypalmer.com&quot;&gt;Shelly Palmer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;Chairman - New      Media Committee&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;The term &amp;ldquo;demo&amp;rdquo; is having an      identity crisis.&amp;nbsp; In the old days (from the dawn of time until about 3 years      ago) &amp;ldquo;demos&amp;rdquo; were what you did when you didn&amp;rsquo;t have money to do &amp;ldquo;finals.&amp;rdquo;&amp;nbsp;      The term applied to every kind of creative project: music, video, film, flat      art, graphics, etc.&amp;nbsp; The package designers call them &amp;ldquo;comps&amp;rdquo; but it&amp;rsquo;s      basically still a demo.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;Whole industries emerged to meet      the needs of demo makers: Animatic houses, video storyboard producers, music      demo or &amp;ldquo;project&amp;rdquo; studios &amp;ndash; aah &amp;hellip; those were the days.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;Today, desktop production      technology has, for all practical purposes, killed the old meaning of the      term.&amp;nbsp; It is reborn to mean, &amp;ldquo;not yet approved by the client.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;This is causing a huge problem for      creatives and producers who have not yet acquired desktop production      skills.&amp;nbsp; And, it is causing even bigger problems for creatives and producers      who liked &amp;ldquo;the good old days.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;Although this is the perfect segue      into a philosophical or, at least, a semantic discussion about how creatives      and producers are supposed to spend their time, let&amp;rsquo;s get practical!&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;Your first step into the New World      of production is to get in the game.&amp;nbsp; This is simple and relatively cheap.&amp;nbsp;      You can do this with a Mac or a PC &amp;hellip; it doesn&amp;rsquo;t really matter.&amp;nbsp; Here&amp;rsquo;s a      short list of desktop production programs and the disciplines they cover.      These are not the only programs available and every professional will have      their own favorites.&amp;nbsp; That being said, I like these programs in their      current versions.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;Your job is to select one, buy it,      and learn to use it.&amp;nbsp; You can take classes at the New School, SVA or even      CompUSA.&amp;nbsp; And, Borders, Barnes &amp;amp; Noble and Amazon are full of text books and      manuals of every kind.&amp;nbsp; This is a first step &amp;ndash; one I highly recommend you      take.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt; 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;31-Aug-06 4:00 PM
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>The Death of the Demo</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;By     &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:info@shellypalmer.com&quot;&gt;Shelly Palmer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;Chairman - New      Media Committee&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;The term &amp;ldquo;demo&amp;rdquo; is having an      identity crisis.&amp;nbsp; In the old days (from the dawn of time until about 3 years      ago) &amp;ldquo;demos&amp;rdquo; were what you did when you didn&amp;rsquo;t have money to do &amp;ldquo;finals.&amp;rdquo;&amp;nbsp;      The term applied to every kind of creative project: music, video, film, flat      art, graphics, etc.&amp;nbsp; The package designers call them &amp;ldquo;comps&amp;rdquo; but it&amp;rsquo;s      basically still a demo.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;Whole industries emerged to meet      the needs of demo makers: Animatic houses, video storyboard producers, music      demo or &amp;ldquo;project&amp;rdquo; studios &amp;ndash; aah &amp;hellip; those were the days.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;Today, desktop production      technology has, for all practical purposes, killed the old meaning of the      term.&amp;nbsp; It is reborn to mean, &amp;ldquo;not yet approved by the client.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;This is causing a huge problem for      creatives and producers who have not yet acquired desktop production      skills.&amp;nbsp; And, it is causing even bigger problems for creatives and producers      who liked &amp;ldquo;the good old days.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;Although this is the perfect segue      into a philosophical or, at least, a semantic discussion about how creatives      and producers are supposed to spend their time, let&amp;rsquo;s get practical!&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;Your first step into the New World      of production is to get in the game.&amp;nbsp; This is simple and relatively cheap.&amp;nbsp;      You can do this with a Mac or a PC &amp;hellip; it doesn&amp;rsquo;t really matter.&amp;nbsp; Here&amp;rsquo;s a      short list of desktop production programs and the disciplines they cover.      These are not the only programs available and every professional will have      their own favorites.&amp;nbsp; That being said, I like these programs in their      current versions.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;Your job is to select one, buy it,      and learn to use it.&amp;nbsp; You can take classes at the New School, SVA or even      CompUSA.&amp;nbsp; And, Borders, Barnes &amp;amp; Noble and Amazon are full of text books and      manuals of every kind.&amp;nbsp; This is a first step &amp;ndash; one I highly recommend you      take.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</itunes:summary>
<itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/16/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 31 Aug 2006 21:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>Articles</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/15/</link>
			<title>No more gates&#8230;no more barbarians!</title>
			<description>&lt;h1 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;By &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:info@shellypalmer.com&quot;&gt;     Shelly Palmer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;     &lt;/font&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Chairman, New Media      Committee&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Less than a decade ago, if      you wanted to get into the television business there were of course certain      barriers.&amp;nbsp; The obvious ones were talent, skill and willpower&amp;hellip;but there were      &amp;ldquo;technical&amp;rdquo; ones as well.&amp;nbsp; The gateway to success was zealously guarded by a      few &amp;ldquo;gatekeepers&amp;rdquo; with large capital investments, armies of engineers, and      platoons of their very own technically oriented artisans.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot; face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;For people with      something to contribute, it exacted a heavy toll.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; By the mid-nineties, the      cost of studio time reached an all time high and the complexity of the      technology made it a conspiracy against the laity.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;That was &lt;em&gt;then&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Now&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;,      many of the biggest post-production houses in New York have closed,      National, Post Perfect and East Side to name a few.&amp;nbsp; And although there were      many reasons for the end of this era, the biggest was simply -- &lt;/font&gt;&lt;em&gt;     &lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;there were no more gates to guard.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;What does this mean?&amp;nbsp;      Technology, once the bastion of the &amp;ldquo;rich and famous&amp;rdquo; is now available to      everyone who wants it.&amp;nbsp; Programs like Final Cut, Nuendo, Pro-Tools, Logic      and After Effects can easily be combined to create broadcast quality      television and music - all in the comfort of your living room running on a      desktop computer.&amp;nbsp; What was once a million dollar installation can now be      duplicated for under $20,000.&amp;nbsp; For all practical purposes, there is no      longer a barrier to entry into our industry.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Of itself, this is not      news.&amp;nbsp; The endless pursuit of cheaper production and manufacture built our      entire country.&amp;nbsp; From the days of Andrew Carnegie to every corner of our      present global economy, businessmen seek lower production costs to increase      profits.&amp;nbsp; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot; face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;But in our case, the      ramifications are thought provoking in a different way.&amp;nbsp; One of the      qualities of the &amp;ldquo;barrier to entry&amp;rdquo; into our business was that only big      successful choosers of content flourished -- the Networks, the big      publishing houses, the big movie studios and record companies, all had      internal mechanisms to guard the gates, so only the most &amp;ldquo;saleable&amp;rdquo;      properties made it to market and only those with &amp;ldquo;hit&amp;rdquo; potential received      the allocation of resources required to make them successful.&amp;nbsp; Now, there is      another disturbing trend, number-crunchers have all but replaced creatives      in gatekeeping roles.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;The      rub is&amp;hellip;without gatekeepers our new found technical freedom will yield a      great deal of &lt;em&gt;sub&lt;/em&gt;-optimal work product.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As Fred Siebert once opined      on a panel I moderated, &amp;ldquo;most people are not very talented.&amp;rdquo; And now, since      literally anyone who wants to make a TV show can now do so, with production      costs heading down, there will undoubtedly be an overabundance of low      quality, low cost programming.&amp;nbsp; The surviving gatekeepers will have some job      figuring out what to do with it! &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;The      good news is -- the impact new technology will have on the quantity of      inferior programming will be short term.&amp;nbsp; Ultimately, the market will      self-regulate, and the over zealous wannabe Spielbergs will return to their      day jobs.&amp;nbsp; The exciting part is that new technology is also available to &lt;em&gt;     talented &lt;/em&gt;people.&amp;nbsp; For them, the revolution is the dawn of a new era in      creativity.&amp;nbsp; &lt;em&gt;If you can conceive it, you can realize it.&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/font&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;And,      you can show potential clients EXACTLY how it will look to the audience!&amp;nbsp;     &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Next      issue, we&amp;rsquo;ll discuss the &amp;ldquo;death of the demo&amp;rdquo; &amp;ndash; a happy demise. &lt;/font&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;31-Aug-06 4:00 PM
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>No more gates&#8230;no more barbarians!</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>&lt;h1 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;By &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:info@shellypalmer.com&quot;&gt;     Shelly Palmer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;     &lt;/font&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 400;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Chairman, New Media      Committee&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Less than a decade ago, if      you wanted to get into the television business there were of course certain      barriers.&amp;nbsp; The obvious ones were talent, skill and willpower&amp;hellip;but there were      &amp;ldquo;technical&amp;rdquo; ones as well.&amp;nbsp; The gateway to success was zealously guarded by a      few &amp;ldquo;gatekeepers&amp;rdquo; with large capital investments, armies of engineers, and      platoons of their very own technically oriented artisans.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot; face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;For people with      something to contribute, it exacted a heavy toll.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; By the mid-nineties, the      cost of studio time reached an all time high and the complexity of the      technology made it a conspiracy against the laity.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;That was &lt;em&gt;then&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Now&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;,      many of the biggest post-production houses in New York have closed,      National, Post Perfect and East Side to name a few.&amp;nbsp; And although there were      many reasons for the end of this era, the biggest was simply -- &lt;/font&gt;&lt;em&gt;     &lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;there were no more gates to guard.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;What does this mean?&amp;nbsp;      Technology, once the bastion of the &amp;ldquo;rich and famous&amp;rdquo; is now available to      everyone who wants it.&amp;nbsp; Programs like Final Cut, Nuendo, Pro-Tools, Logic      and After Effects can easily be combined to create broadcast quality      television and music - all in the comfort of your living room running on a      desktop computer.&amp;nbsp; What was once a million dollar installation can now be      duplicated for under $20,000.&amp;nbsp; For all practical purposes, there is no      longer a barrier to entry into our industry.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Of itself, this is not      news.&amp;nbsp; The endless pursuit of cheaper production and manufacture built our      entire country.&amp;nbsp; From the days of Andrew Carnegie to every corner of our      present global economy, businessmen seek lower production costs to increase      profits.&amp;nbsp; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot; face=&quot;Verdana&quot;&gt;But in our case, the      ramifications are thought provoking in a different way.&amp;nbsp; One of the      qualities of the &amp;ldquo;barrier to entry&amp;rdquo; into our business was that only big      successful choosers of content flourished -- the Networks, the big      publishing houses, the big movie studios and record companies, all had      internal mechanisms to guard the gates, so only the most &amp;ldquo;saleable&amp;rdquo;      properties made it to market and only those with &amp;ldquo;hit&amp;rdquo; potential received      the allocation of resources required to make them successful.&amp;nbsp; Now, there is      another disturbing trend, number-crunchers have all but replaced creatives      in gatekeeping roles.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;The      rub is&amp;hellip;without gatekeepers our new found technical freedom will yield a      great deal of &lt;em&gt;sub&lt;/em&gt;-optimal work product.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; As Fred Siebert once opined      on a panel I moderated, &amp;ldquo;most people are not very talented.&amp;rdquo; And now, since      literally anyone who wants to make a TV show can now do so, with production      costs heading down, there will undoubtedly be an overabundance of low      quality, low cost programming.&amp;nbsp; The surviving gatekeepers will have some job      figuring out what to do with it! &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;The      good news is -- the impact new technology will have on the quantity of      inferior programming will be short term.&amp;nbsp; Ultimately, the market will      self-regulate, and the over zealous wannabe Spielbergs will return to their      day jobs.&amp;nbsp; The exciting part is that new technology is also available to &lt;em&gt;     talented &lt;/em&gt;people.&amp;nbsp; For them, the revolution is the dawn of a new era in      creativity.&amp;nbsp; &lt;em&gt;If you can conceive it, you can realize it.&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/font&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;And,      you can show potential clients EXACTLY how it will look to the audience!&amp;nbsp;     &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Next      issue, we&amp;rsquo;ll discuss the &amp;ldquo;death of the demo&amp;rdquo; &amp;ndash; a happy demise. &lt;/font&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoBodyText2&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Verdana; font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;     &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</itunes:summary>
<itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/15/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 31 Aug 2006 21:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>Articles</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/12/</link>
			<title>American/English Production Vocabulary Comparisons</title>
			<description>&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:tvmark@earthlink.net?subject=%5BAdvanced%20Media%20Committee%20Website%20Inquiry%5D&quot;&gt;  &lt;/a&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;We have really everything in common with &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:country-region&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;America&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt; nowadays except, of course, language&amp;quot; - Oscar Wilde, &lt;em&gt;The Canterville Ghost&lt;/em&gt;, 1887&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;The idea for this dictionary began during a survey/scout of a theater/theatre in &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:city&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Brussels&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:city&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; prior to an Anglo-American television production.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The director selected camera locations.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Two were to be located towards the rear of the lowest level of audience.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;I wandered off to discuss technical issues with the stage crew.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;My French is poor and my Flemish essentially non-existent, but I had little difficulty communicating with the Belgians.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;I returned to find the American female producer and the British male producer screaming at each other.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;They were saying exactly the same thing and didn't realize it.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;He:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;So we're having two cameras in the stalls.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;She:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;No, we agreed not to put cameras in the boxes; they're going in the orchestra.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;He:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;We agreed &lt;u&gt;not&lt;/u&gt; to put cameras with the musicians!&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;She:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Of &lt;u&gt;course&lt;/u&gt; we're not having cameras in the pit!&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;He:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Yes, we &lt;u&gt;are&lt;/u&gt;!&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;It helps to know that the lowest level of theatrical audience in English is called the&lt;em&gt; stalls&lt;/em&gt;, which seems suspiciously like &lt;em&gt;boxes&lt;/em&gt; to an American.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The same level is called the&lt;em&gt; orchestra&lt;/em&gt; by an American, which means the&lt;em&gt; musicians&lt;/em&gt; in English.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;To the American, those musicians play in the&lt;em&gt; pit&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;But the&lt;em&gt; pit&lt;/em&gt; is an old English theatrical term for the lowest level of audience.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Professions often have their own jargons, never mind American/English language variations.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;How many people not employed in theatrical work know that &lt;em&gt;tormentors&lt;/em&gt; hide the view of off-stage areas from the audience or that &lt;em&gt;vomitories&lt;/em&gt; are entrances piercing the seating?&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Abbreviate those terms as &lt;em&gt;torms&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;voms&lt;/em&gt;, and people can't even look them up in dictionaries.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;Front porch, back porch, breezeway, flag,&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pedestal&lt;/em&gt; might have certain meanings in architecture; they're also used differently to describe components of a U.S.-standard video signal.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Then there are those American/English variations.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Americans in &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:country-region&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;England&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; giggle when they hear someone say he's &lt;em&gt;knocked up&lt;/em&gt; the vicar's wife; the English in &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:country-region&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;America&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; find &lt;em&gt;Don't Honk&lt;/em&gt; street signs equally amusing.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;It helps to know that &lt;em&gt;to knock up&lt;/em&gt;, a perfectly respectable English term for &lt;em&gt;to pay a visit&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to impregnate&lt;/em&gt; in American slang.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Similarly, &lt;em&gt;to honk&lt;/em&gt;, perfectly normal American for &lt;em&gt;to toot&lt;/em&gt; an automobile horn, is British slang for &lt;em&gt;to vomit&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Times are changing.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;A &lt;em&gt;billion&lt;/em&gt; used to be a &lt;em&gt;thousand million&lt;/em&gt; in American but a &lt;em&gt;million million&lt;/em&gt; in English, where a &lt;em&gt;thousand million&lt;/em&gt; was a &lt;em&gt;milliard&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Since the 1970s, however, the thousand-million connotation has been used in &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:country-region&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Britain&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;, though &lt;em&gt;milliard&lt;/em&gt; is still used in non-UK English.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Similarly, &lt;em&gt;CSO&lt;/em&gt; is now usually called &lt;em&gt;chroma key&lt;/em&gt; on both sides of the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Atlantic&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;So take what follows with a grain of salt.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Enjoy!&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Mark Schubin&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Hollywood&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; Post &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:city&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Alliance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:city&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; Technology Retreat&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;February 2004&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;font-family: Arial;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:tvmark@earthlink.net?subject=%5BAdvanced%20Media%20Committee%20Website%20Inquiry%5D&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:tvmark@earthlink.net?subject=%5BAdvanced%20Media%20Committee%20Website%20Inquiry%5D&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;font-family: Arial;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:tvmark@earthlink.net?subject=%5BAdvanced%20Media%20Committee%20Website%20Inquiry%5D&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;/a&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;31-Aug-06 3:00 PM
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>American/English Production Vocabulary Comparisons</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:tvmark@earthlink.net?subject=%5BAdvanced%20Media%20Committee%20Website%20Inquiry%5D&quot;&gt;  &lt;/a&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;quot;We have really everything in common with &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:country-region&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;America&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt; nowadays except, of course, language&amp;quot; - Oscar Wilde, &lt;em&gt;The Canterville Ghost&lt;/em&gt;, 1887&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 14pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;The idea for this dictionary began during a survey/scout of a theater/theatre in &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:city&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Brussels&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:city&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; prior to an Anglo-American television production.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The director selected camera locations.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Two were to be located towards the rear of the lowest level of audience.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;I wandered off to discuss technical issues with the stage crew.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;My French is poor and my Flemish essentially non-existent, but I had little difficulty communicating with the Belgians.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;I returned to find the American female producer and the British male producer screaming at each other.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;They were saying exactly the same thing and didn't realize it.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;He:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;So we're having two cameras in the stalls.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;She:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;No, we agreed not to put cameras in the boxes; they're going in the orchestra.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;He:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;We agreed &lt;u&gt;not&lt;/u&gt; to put cameras with the musicians!&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;She:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Of &lt;u&gt;course&lt;/u&gt; we're not having cameras in the pit!&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;He:&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Yes, we &lt;u&gt;are&lt;/u&gt;!&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;It helps to know that the lowest level of theatrical audience in English is called the&lt;em&gt; stalls&lt;/em&gt;, which seems suspiciously like &lt;em&gt;boxes&lt;/em&gt; to an American.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The same level is called the&lt;em&gt; orchestra&lt;/em&gt; by an American, which means the&lt;em&gt; musicians&lt;/em&gt; in English.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;To the American, those musicians play in the&lt;em&gt; pit&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;But the&lt;em&gt; pit&lt;/em&gt; is an old English theatrical term for the lowest level of audience.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Professions often have their own jargons, never mind American/English language variations.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;How many people not employed in theatrical work know that &lt;em&gt;tormentors&lt;/em&gt; hide the view of off-stage areas from the audience or that &lt;em&gt;vomitories&lt;/em&gt; are entrances piercing the seating?&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Abbreviate those terms as &lt;em&gt;torms&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;voms&lt;/em&gt;, and people can't even look them up in dictionaries.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;Front porch, back porch, breezeway, flag,&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;pedestal&lt;/em&gt; might have certain meanings in architecture; they're also used differently to describe components of a U.S.-standard video signal.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Then there are those American/English variations.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Americans in &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:country-region&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;England&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; giggle when they hear someone say he's &lt;em&gt;knocked up&lt;/em&gt; the vicar's wife; the English in &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:country-region&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;America&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; find &lt;em&gt;Don't Honk&lt;/em&gt; street signs equally amusing.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;It helps to know that &lt;em&gt;to knock up&lt;/em&gt;, a perfectly respectable English term for &lt;em&gt;to pay a visit&lt;/em&gt; means &lt;em&gt;to impregnate&lt;/em&gt; in American slang.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Similarly, &lt;em&gt;to honk&lt;/em&gt;, perfectly normal American for &lt;em&gt;to toot&lt;/em&gt; an automobile horn, is British slang for &lt;em&gt;to vomit&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Times are changing.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;A &lt;em&gt;billion&lt;/em&gt; used to be a &lt;em&gt;thousand million&lt;/em&gt; in American but a &lt;em&gt;million million&lt;/em&gt; in English, where a &lt;em&gt;thousand million&lt;/em&gt; was a &lt;em&gt;milliard&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Since the 1970s, however, the thousand-million connotation has been used in &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:country-region&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Britain&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:country-region&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;, though &lt;em&gt;milliard&lt;/em&gt; is still used in non-UK English.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Similarly, &lt;em&gt;CSO&lt;/em&gt; is now usually called &lt;em&gt;chroma key&lt;/em&gt; on both sides of the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Atlantic&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;.&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;So take what follows with a grain of salt.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Enjoy!&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Mark Schubin&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Hollywood&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; Post &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:city&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Alliance&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;/st1:city&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; Technology Retreat&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;February 2004&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;font-family: Arial;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:tvmark@earthlink.net?subject=%5BAdvanced%20Media%20Committee%20Website%20Inquiry%5D&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:tvmark@earthlink.net?subject=%5BAdvanced%20Media%20Committee%20Website%20Inquiry%5D&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;font-family: Arial;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:tvmark@earthlink.net?subject=%5BAdvanced%20Media%20Committee%20Website%20Inquiry%5D&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;/a&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</itunes:summary>
<itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/12/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 31 Aug 2006 20:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>Articles</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/art/5/</link>
			<title>Non-Compete Clauses: Are they Fair?</title>
			<description>&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: verdana;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;By Fernando M. Pinguelo, Esq.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;v:shapetype id=&quot;_x0000_t75&quot; stroked=&quot;f&quot; filled=&quot;f&quot; path=&quot;m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe&quot; o:preferrelative=&quot;t&quot; o:spt=&quot;75&quot; coordsize=&quot;21600,21600&quot;&gt;&lt;v:stroke joinstyle=&quot;miter&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:stroke&gt;&lt;v:formulas&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 1 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum 0 0 @1&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @2 1 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelWidth&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelHeight&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 0 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @6 1 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelWidth&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @8 21600 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelHeight&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @10 21600 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:formulas&gt;&lt;v:path o:connecttype=&quot;rect&quot; gradientshapeok=&quot;t&quot; o:extrusionok=&quot;f&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:path&gt;&lt;o:lock aspectratio=&quot;t&quot; v:ext=&quot;edit&quot;&gt;&lt;/o:lock&gt;&lt;/v:shapetype&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1025&quot; style=&quot;width: 0.75pt; height: 15pt;&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;&lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CIntern%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image001.png&quot; o:href=&quot;http://www.tvspy.com/images/spacer_1x1.gif&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:imagedata&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;br&gt;Whether you believe non-compete clauses in broadcast employment contracts are fair depends on your point of view. From management's perspective, of course, these clauses are fair. The station hires talent for a period of time and devotes significant resources in training and promotion to warrant an exclusive commitment. From talent's perspective, these clauses are unfair. These clauses are often unreasonably restrictive and are not negotiated when a position is discussed and ultimately accepted. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;So who's right? Even more interesting, does the dynamic of the broadcasting industry make these non-compete clauses more acceptable or less acceptable? As with most complex issues with competing interests, the answer is: IT DEPENDS . . . . &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Recent Trends&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Increasingly, broadcasting employers incorporate non-compete clauses in employment contracts. In fact, this trend crosses over into behind-the-scenes talent such as producers, associate producers and editors where, traditionally, these clauses were seen as unnecessary. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;What makes these clauses particularly troubling is when the clauses are not brought to light until &lt;u&gt;after&lt;/u&gt; talent accepts the offer, informs his/her current employer of their decision to leave, and in many cases, relocates to a new market. Even worse is the scenario where talent is terminated by the employer and is prevented from working based on a non-compete clause. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;This alarming trend requires a basic understanding of employee rights when faced with a non-compete clause in an employment agreement. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Legal Enforceability&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Employment non-compete clauses restrict an employee from working for competitors. Traditionally, courts disfavored non-compete clauses because they were viewed as preventing an individual from earning a living by using his craft. More recently, courts enforce these clauses where the restraints are reasonable and allow an individual to practice his craft in some respect. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;While states differ on how they determine whether to enforce non-compete clauses; generally, non-compete clauses must be (1) a part of a valid contract; (2) necessary to protect an employer's legitimate business interest; and (3) reasonable in scope. A court charged with evaluating the enforceability of a non-compete clause will carefully balance these competing interests before ruling on a clause's validity. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;The first requirement - ancillary to a valid contract - means that the clause must be supported by sufficient consideration (usually in the form of an employment opportunity, salary, etc.). Usually, employers easily meet this requirement when the clause is part of the employment arrangement from the beginning; or later made part of the employment arrangement after a promotion or substantial pay raise is awarded. However, when an employer attempts to impose these clauses sometime after an employee has been employed (often accompanied by a threat of loss of employment if there is noncompliance), compliance with this requirement is not so clear and some states require additional consideration. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;The second requirement - necessary to protect an employer's legitimate business interest - means that the employer must have a valid proprietary interest to protect. It does &lt;u&gt;not&lt;/u&gt; mean that the restriction can be used solely to prevent competition. While the definition of &quot;valid proprietary interest&quot; varies from state to state; generally, it includes customer relationships, trade secrets, and costs of specialized employee training, development, and promotion. However, an employer cannot simply list these interests and expect a court to conclude they are &quot;valid&quot; or &quot;legitimate.&quot; Rather, an employer must demonstrate the validity of each interest and show how it is tailored to the restriction being sought. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;The third requirement - reasonable in scope - means that the restriction must be reasonable in terms of the type of activity restricted, the duration of the restriction, and the geographic area from which an employee is precluded from working. Reasonableness requires that the restriction be tailored to protect the legitimate business interests of the employer. Employers cannot simply impose a broader restriction than is necessary to protect their interest. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Whenever a court balances competing interests and makes a determination as to the validity of a contract clause, the process is often fraught with uncertainty and unpredictability. Balancing these interests is highly fact-sensitive and requires careful consideration. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Uniqueness of the Broadcast Industry&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Contrary to popular belief, most on-air and behind-the-scenes talent do not make a lot of money. That fact, coupled with fierce competition and the often volatile, unpredictable, and insecure nature of the business, makes most contract negotiations between talent and management virtually non-existent. As a result, talent often sign the contract without either truly appreciating the consequences or ignoring them. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Only when faced with a better offer of employment do most talent realize their non-compete predicament. Without the blessing of an employer, talent are faced with either staying where they are until their contract period expires, moving to another area outside the restrictions, or fighting the validity of the non-compete clause. Neither option is appealing and each is fraught with negative consequences. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;The fact that talent have little control over their careers makes this scenario particularly troubling; and, unlike other professionals, talent cannot simply move and practice their trade elsewhere or in a different manner. However, if the non-compete restrictions are truly unfair, and the prospect of better employment is strong, fighting the validity of the clause may be a reasonable option. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Fortunately for talent, states are beginning to appreciate the uniqueness of the broadcast industry when determining the validity of non-compete clauses. Some states invalidate non-compete agreements altogether in the broadcasting context. Others have bills pending that offer similar protections. Moreover, courts around the country are recognizing the uniqueness of the broadcast industry and are balancing the competing factors with an eye towards the nature of the industry. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Conclusions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;The uniqueness of the broadcast industry coupled with the disparate bargaining power between talent and employer may lead to an unfair and unenforceable non-compete restriction. Knowing your rights is the first step in making an informed decision. &lt;br&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1026&quot; style=&quot;width: 0.75pt; height: 15pt;&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;&lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CIntern%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image001.png&quot; o:href=&quot;http://www.tvspy.com/images/spacer_1x1.gif&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:imagedata&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;About the Author&lt;/b&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Fernando M. Pinguelo is an entertainment attorney and trial lawyer who is licensed to practice law in &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;st1:city&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:city&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:state&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;New Jersey&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:state&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;, and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;st1:city&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Washington&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:city&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:state&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;D.C.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:state&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt; His focus has been predominately in the broadcasting and music sectors, building off his ties to Emmy&amp;#174; Award-winning talent and up-and-coming musicians. Fernando welcomes questions and/or feedback on any related issues and can be reached by phone: (908) 722-0700.&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Or, visit him on the web at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nmmlaw.com/attorneys/fmp.html&quot;&gt;http://www.nmmlaw.com/attorneys/fmp.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;18-Aug-06 10:00 AM
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>Non-Compete Clauses: Are they Fair?</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: verdana;&quot; lang=&quot;PT-BR&quot;&gt;By Fernando M. Pinguelo, Esq.&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;v:shapetype id=&quot;_x0000_t75&quot; stroked=&quot;f&quot; filled=&quot;f&quot; path=&quot;m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe&quot; o:preferrelative=&quot;t&quot; o:spt=&quot;75&quot; coordsize=&quot;21600,21600&quot;&gt;&lt;v:stroke joinstyle=&quot;miter&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:stroke&gt;&lt;v:formulas&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 1 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum 0 0 @1&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @2 1 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelWidth&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelHeight&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 0 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @6 1 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelWidth&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @8 21600 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelHeight&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @10 21600 0&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:f&gt;&lt;/v:formulas&gt;&lt;v:path o:connecttype=&quot;rect&quot; gradientshapeok=&quot;t&quot; o:extrusionok=&quot;f&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:path&gt;&lt;o:lock aspectratio=&quot;t&quot; v:ext=&quot;edit&quot;&gt;&lt;/o:lock&gt;&lt;/v:shapetype&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1025&quot; style=&quot;width: 0.75pt; height: 15pt;&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;&lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CIntern%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image001.png&quot; o:href=&quot;http://www.tvspy.com/images/spacer_1x1.gif&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:imagedata&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;br&gt;Whether you believe non-compete clauses in broadcast employment contracts are fair depends on your point of view. From management's perspective, of course, these clauses are fair. The station hires talent for a period of time and devotes significant resources in training and promotion to warrant an exclusive commitment. From talent's perspective, these clauses are unfair. These clauses are often unreasonably restrictive and are not negotiated when a position is discussed and ultimately accepted. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;So who's right? Even more interesting, does the dynamic of the broadcasting industry make these non-compete clauses more acceptable or less acceptable? As with most complex issues with competing interests, the answer is: IT DEPENDS . . . . &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Recent Trends&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Increasingly, broadcasting employers incorporate non-compete clauses in employment contracts. In fact, this trend crosses over into behind-the-scenes talent such as producers, associate producers and editors where, traditionally, these clauses were seen as unnecessary. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;What makes these clauses particularly troubling is when the clauses are not brought to light until &lt;u&gt;after&lt;/u&gt; talent accepts the offer, informs his/her current employer of their decision to leave, and in many cases, relocates to a new market. Even worse is the scenario where talent is terminated by the employer and is prevented from working based on a non-compete clause. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;This alarming trend requires a basic understanding of employee rights when faced with a non-compete clause in an employment agreement. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Legal Enforceability&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Employment non-compete clauses restrict an employee from working for competitors. Traditionally, courts disfavored non-compete clauses because they were viewed as preventing an individual from earning a living by using his craft. More recently, courts enforce these clauses where the restraints are reasonable and allow an individual to practice his craft in some respect. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;While states differ on how they determine whether to enforce non-compete clauses; generally, non-compete clauses must be (1) a part of a valid contract; (2) necessary to protect an employer's legitimate business interest; and (3) reasonable in scope. A court charged with evaluating the enforceability of a non-compete clause will carefully balance these competing interests before ruling on a clause's validity. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;The first requirement - ancillary to a valid contract - means that the clause must be supported by sufficient consideration (usually in the form of an employment opportunity, salary, etc.). Usually, employers easily meet this requirement when the clause is part of the employment arrangement from the beginning; or later made part of the employment arrangement after a promotion or substantial pay raise is awarded. However, when an employer attempts to impose these clauses sometime after an employee has been employed (often accompanied by a threat of loss of employment if there is noncompliance), compliance with this requirement is not so clear and some states require additional consideration. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;The second requirement - necessary to protect an employer's legitimate business interest - means that the employer must have a valid proprietary interest to protect. It does &lt;u&gt;not&lt;/u&gt; mean that the restriction can be used solely to prevent competition. While the definition of &quot;valid proprietary interest&quot; varies from state to state; generally, it includes customer relationships, trade secrets, and costs of specialized employee training, development, and promotion. However, an employer cannot simply list these interests and expect a court to conclude they are &quot;valid&quot; or &quot;legitimate.&quot; Rather, an employer must demonstrate the validity of each interest and show how it is tailored to the restriction being sought. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;The third requirement - reasonable in scope - means that the restriction must be reasonable in terms of the type of activity restricted, the duration of the restriction, and the geographic area from which an employee is precluded from working. Reasonableness requires that the restriction be tailored to protect the legitimate business interests of the employer. Employers cannot simply impose a broader restriction than is necessary to protect their interest. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Whenever a court balances competing interests and makes a determination as to the validity of a contract clause, the process is often fraught with uncertainty and unpredictability. Balancing these interests is highly fact-sensitive and requires careful consideration. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Uniqueness of the Broadcast Industry&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Contrary to popular belief, most on-air and behind-the-scenes talent do not make a lot of money. That fact, coupled with fierce competition and the often volatile, unpredictable, and insecure nature of the business, makes most contract negotiations between talent and management virtually non-existent. As a result, talent often sign the contract without either truly appreciating the consequences or ignoring them. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Only when faced with a better offer of employment do most talent realize their non-compete predicament. Without the blessing of an employer, talent are faced with either staying where they are until their contract period expires, moving to another area outside the restrictions, or fighting the validity of the non-compete clause. Neither option is appealing and each is fraught with negative consequences. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;The fact that talent have little control over their careers makes this scenario particularly troubling; and, unlike other professionals, talent cannot simply move and practice their trade elsewhere or in a different manner. However, if the non-compete restrictions are truly unfair, and the prospect of better employment is strong, fighting the validity of the clause may be a reasonable option. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Fortunately for talent, states are beginning to appreciate the uniqueness of the broadcast industry when determining the validity of non-compete clauses. Some states invalidate non-compete agreements altogether in the broadcasting context. Others have bills pending that offer similar protections. Moreover, courts around the country are recognizing the uniqueness of the broadcast industry and are balancing the competing factors with an eye towards the nature of the industry. &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Conclusions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt; &lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;The uniqueness of the broadcast industry coupled with the disparate bargaining power between talent and employer may lead to an unfair and unenforceable non-compete restriction. Knowing your rights is the first step in making an informed decision. &lt;br&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;_x0000_i1026&quot; style=&quot;width: 0.75pt; height: 15pt;&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;&gt;&lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CIntern%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_image001.png&quot; o:href=&quot;http://www.tvspy.com/images/spacer_1x1.gif&quot;&gt;&lt;/v:imagedata&gt;&lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;About the Author&lt;/b&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Fernando M. Pinguelo is an entertainment attorney and trial lawyer who is licensed to practice law in &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;st1:city&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;New York&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:city&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:state&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;New Jersey&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:state&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;, and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:place&gt;&lt;st1:city&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;Washington&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:city&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;st1:state&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt;D.C.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/st1:state&gt;&lt;/st1:place&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Verdana;&quot;&gt; His focus has been predominately in the broadcasting and music sectors, building off his ties to Emmy&amp;#174; Award-winning talent and up-and-coming musicians. Fernando welcomes questions and/or feedback on any related issues and can be reached by phone: (908) 722-0700.&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Or, visit him on the web at: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nmmlaw.com/attorneys/fmp.html&quot;&gt;http://www.nmmlaw.com/attorneys/fmp.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</itunes:summary>
<itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit>
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			<pubDate>Fri, 18 Aug 2006 15:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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			<category>Release</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/rel/7/</link>
			<title>New York Student Television Awards</title>
			<description>             MSG VARSITY AND THE NEW YORK CHAPTER OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF TELEVISION AND ARTS AND SCIENCES TO HONOR LOCAL HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS MSG Varsity V Awards to Celebrate Student-Produced Television Content BETHPAGE, N.Y., March 24, 2010 &amp;#8211;&amp;#8211; MSG Varsity and The New York Chapter of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (NY NATAS) have teamed up to present the first-ever MSG Varsity V Awards. This award is designed to celebrate high school student achievement for the original content they produce for television and to foster the next generation of broadcast professionals.   Open for all high school students in Cablevision&amp;#8217;s service area, MSG Varsity V awards will be awarded in nine categories &amp;#8211; News, Sports, Arts &amp; Entertainment, Best Original Production, Sports &amp;#8211; Full Game, Editing, Writing, Sports/News Reporter and Best Overall School Coverage. The Best Original Production category will be a viewer&amp;#8217;s choice category &amp;#8211;...
</description>
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			<author>noemail@nyemmys.org</author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 24 Mar 2010 19:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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		<item>
			<category>Release</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/rel/6/</link>
			<title>2009 NY Emmy Awards Nominations</title>
			<description>THE 52nd ANNUAL NEW YORK EMMY&amp;#174; AWARD NOMINATIONS ANNOUNCED THIS MORNING!   MSG Network Gets the Most Nominations With 45  New York, NY &#8211; Thursday, February 12, 2009. The 52nd Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Award nominations took place this morning at the studios of CUNY-TV. Hosting the announcement was Jacqueline Gonzalez, Executive Director, NY NATAS. Presenting the nominees were Shelly Palmer, Host of MediaBytes and President of NY NATAS; Emmy&amp;#174; Award winner Marvin Scott, Senior Correspondent, PIX News at 10 and Anchor, PIX News Closeup, WPIX-TV; Emmy&amp;#174; Award winner Elizabeth Hashagen, Anchor, News 12 Long Island; and Emmy&amp;#174; Award winner John Bathke, News Reporter and Host/Producer of On the Scene, News 12 New Jersey.    Total Number of Nominated Entries by Station:                         MSG                      &#8211; 45                      WGRZ-TV                      &#8211; 5                                NYC TV                      &#8211; 35                      CUNY TV       ...
</description>
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			<author>noemail@nyemmys.org</author>
			<pubDate>Thu, 12 Feb 2009 17:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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			<category>Release</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/rel/2/</link>
			<title>COMPOSERS CAF to launch October 25th with Elliot Lawrence and Jamie Lawrence</title>
			<description>  On Thursday, October 25, 2007, The National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences, New York Chapter and Local 802 AFM, Associated Musicians of Greater New York, will present the inaugural COMPOSERS CAF&#201;, a new series of programs featuring prominent composers presenting their life&#8217;s work through stories, playing their music, and video clips.  Launching this new series on October 25th will be Elliot Lawrence and his son Jamie Lawrence. The event will be moderated by John McDaniel.  Elliot Lawrence has been the Music Director of the Tony Awards show since its television inception. He was composer/conductor for the Oscar winning film Network and the opening sequence for The French Connection. He served as conductor and orchestrator for a host of fondly remembered original Broadway productions, among them Bye Bye Birdie, How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying (winning a Tony Award for music direction), The Apple Tree, Here's Love, Golden Rainbow, Golden Boy, and Sugar. He is...
</description>
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			<author>noemail@nyemmys.org</author>
			<pubDate>Thu, 06 Sep 2007 19:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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			<category>Release</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/rel/1/</link>
			<title>National Academy of Television Arts &#0038; Sciences, NY (The Emmy Awards) Elects New Officers</title>
			<description>Shelly Palmer, President -- Jane Hanson 1st VP -- Karen Scott 2nd VP   New York, NY, May 18, 2007 -- Shelly Palmer, host of Media 3.0 with Shelly Palmer was elected President of the National Academy of Television Arts &amp; Sciences, NY (the organization that bestows the Emmy&amp;#174; Award) by a unanimous vote of its Board of Governors. Palmer succeeds past President, Jane Hanson. The new executive committee includes: President: Shelly Palmer, host of Media 3.0 with Shelly Palmer 1st Vice President: Jane Hanson, host of Jane's New York 2nd Vice President: Karen Scott, News Director, CW11 Secretary: Denise Rover, Account Manager, WNJU-TV/Telemundo 47 Treasurer: Chris Pizzurro, VP Digital Media, Turner Entertainment Sales The New York Chapter of The National Academy of Television Arts &amp; Sciences is dedicated to the advancement of the arts and sciences of television and media, and the promotion of creative leadership for artistic, educational and technical achievements within the television...
</description>
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			<author>noemail@nyemmys.org</author>
			<pubDate>Thu, 31 May 2007 21:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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			<category>Content Managers</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/84/</link>
			<title></title>
			<description>&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;Our 2010 New York &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;Emmy&amp;#174; &lt;/span&gt;Awards gala was held on Sunday, April 18, 2010!&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;Visit&amp;nbsp;our&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/albums/v/6&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #0000ff&quot;&gt;Photo Album&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; to see memorable moments from&amp;nbsp;the event!&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Congratulations to our &lt;a href=&quot;/attachments/wysiwyg/4292/2010_NY_Emmy_Awards_Winners_JUN7.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;strong style=&quot;color: #0000ff&quot;&gt;WINNERS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;!&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/attachments/wysiwyg/4292/53rdEmmyAwards_PreGala_Press_Release_final.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;PRESS RELEASE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;On&amp;nbsp;Sunday we&amp;nbsp;presented a special &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/?66&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Governors' Award &lt;/a&gt;tribute to Les Paul, the late Rock and Roll legend, New York icon and inventor of the solid body electric guitar whose successful television show &quot;The Les Paul and Mary Ford at Home Show&quot; made him a household name. Son Russ Paul accepted the prestigious award on his behalf.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/2010/NewYorkEmmy/&quot;&gt;Click here for more details&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/attachments/wysiwyg/4292/2010_Press_Tip_Sheet_FINAL.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Press Tip Sheet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/attachments/wysiwyg/4292/NYNATAS_Press_Credentials_form.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;
&lt;div&gt;PRESS CREDENTIALS FORM&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Our 2010 New York &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;Emmy&amp;#174; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Awards Nominations were announced on Thursday, February 25, 2010.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;Congratulations to our &lt;a href=&quot;/attachments/wysiwyg/4292/2010_NY_Emmy_Award_Nominations_Jun_7_2010.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#0000ff&quot;&gt;NOMINEES&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;!&amp;nbsp; &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

</description>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/84/</guid>
			<pubDate>Fri, 18 Jun 2010 15:16:17 GMT</pubDate>
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			<category>Content Managers</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/2010/NewYorkEmmy/</link>
			<title>The 2010 NY Emmy Awards</title>
			<description>Our 53rd Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards Gala was held on Sunday, April 18, 2010, at the Marriott Marquis Times Square.  PHOTO ALBUM    Congratulations to our WINNERS!      PRESS RELEASE On Sunday we presented a special Governors' Award tribute to Les Paul, the late Rock and Roll legend, New York icon and inventor of the solid body electric guitar whose successful television show The Les Paul and Mary Ford at Home Show made him a household name. Son Russ Paul accepted the prestigious award on his behalf.  5:00 PM Cocktail Reception 6:00 PM Dinner 7:00 PM Awards Presentation   BLACK TIE   Gala Ticket and Table Rates Individual Ticket: $300 Table of Ten: $3,000   Tickets are still available--please contact us for reservations! 2010 GALA ORDER FORM FOR TICKETS AND TABLES    *VIP Tables of Ten (with Full Page Ad) will receive preferred seating.    The New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards will be broadcast on CUNY-TV channel 75 on Saturday, April 24, 2010 at 9:00 PM. Encore presentation will air...

</description>
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			<pubDate>Fri, 18 Jun 2010 15:12:13 GMT</pubDate>
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			<category>Content Managers</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/65/</link>
			<title>The NY Emmy Awards Nominees</title>
			<description>     1st Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   26th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards     2nd Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   27th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    3rd Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   28th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    4th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   29th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    5th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   30th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    6th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   31st Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    7th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   32nd Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    8th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   33rd Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    9th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   34th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    10th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   35th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    11th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   36th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    12th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   37th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    13th...

</description>
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			<pubDate>Mon, 07 Jun 2010 14:59:13 GMT</pubDate>
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			<category>Content Managers</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/64/</link>
			<title>The NY Emmy Awards Winners</title>
			<description>      1st Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   26th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards     2nd Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   27th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    3rd Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   28th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    4th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   29th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    5th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   30th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    6th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   31st Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    7th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   32nd Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    8th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   33rd Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    9th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   34th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    10th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   35th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    11th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   36th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    12th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards   37th Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards    13th...

</description>
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			<pubDate>Mon, 07 Jun 2010 14:58:19 GMT</pubDate>
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			<category>Content Managers</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/38/</link>
			<title>Board of Governors 2009-2011</title>
			<description>&lt;h2&gt;OFFICERS&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Shelly Palmer, President&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Lydia Loizides, 1st Vice President&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Karen Scott, 2nd Vice President&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Denise Rover, Secretary&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Chris Pizzurro, Treasurer &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia&quot;&gt;REGIONAL VICE PRESIDENTS &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;William Snyder, Albany Regional Vice President&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Steve Kimatian, Syracuse Regional Vice President&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Rich Newberg, Buffalo Regional Vice President &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;GOVERNORS &lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Advanced Media - &lt;em&gt;Lydia Loizides&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Broadcast Journalists - &lt;em&gt;N.J. Burkett&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Creative Crafts - &lt;em&gt;Michael DelGiudice&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Design -&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Sal Tagliarino&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Direction - &lt;em&gt;Peter Levy&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Executives - &lt;em&gt;Robert Dilenschneider&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Music - &lt;em&gt;Kevin Kuhn&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Performers - &lt;em&gt;Colleen Zenk Pinter&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Production - &lt;em&gt;John Filippelli&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Sales and Marketing - &lt;em&gt;Denise Rover&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Writing -&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marvin Scott&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Georgia&quot;&gt;TRUSTEES &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Lydia Loizides&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Shelly Palmer&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Chris Pizzurro&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Karen Scott&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Jim Turner &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;br&gt;ALTERNATE TRUSTEE &lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Jerry Romano&amp;nbsp;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&amp;#169;NY NATAS&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</description>
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			<pubDate>Thu, 06 May 2010 19:01:08 GMT</pubDate>
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			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/41/</link>
			<title>Downloadable Forms</title>
			<description>&lt;p&gt;Click on the links below to download an order form:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/attachments/files/89/NYEmmyOrderForm.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Emmy Statuette Order Form&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/attachments/files/203/NYEmmyOrderForm_Duplicate.pdf&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;NEW! &lt;/span&gt;Duplicate Statuette Order Form&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/attachments/files/90/NominationCertificateOrderForm1375.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Nomination Certificate Order Form&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000&quot;&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/attachments/wysiwyg/4292/ProductionCertificateOrderForm.pdf&quot;&gt;Production (for Emmy&amp;#174; winners) Certificate Order Form&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/attachments/files/202/Nomination%20Plaque%20Order%20Form.pdf&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;NEW!&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/attachments/files/202/Nomination%20Plaque%20Order%20Form.pdf&quot;&gt;Nomination Plaque Order Form&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/attachments/files/202/Nomination%20Plaque%20Order%20Form.pdf&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/attachments/wysiwyg/4292/2010NYEmmyDVDOrderForm.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;NEW!&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000&quot;&gt;53rd NY Emmy Awards DVD Order Form&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/attachments/wysiwyg/4292/WinnerPlaqueOrderForm.pdf&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;NEW! &lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000&quot;&gt;Winner's Plaque Order Form&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;&amp;#169; NY NATAS&lt;/span&gt;

</description>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/41/</guid>
			<pubDate>Wed, 05 May 2010 17:30:33 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>
		<item>
			<category>Content Managers</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/33/</link>
			<title>The NY Emmy Awards Archive</title>
			<description>&lt;p&gt;See the nominees &amp;amp; winners from the 1st Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards through the 53rd Annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/en/cms/?64&quot;&gt;New York Emmy&amp;#174; Award Winners-ARCHIVE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;/en/cms/?65&quot;&gt;New York Emmy&amp;#174; Award Nominees-ARCHIVE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold&quot;&gt;&amp;#169; NY NATAS&lt;/span&gt;

</description>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/33/</guid>
			<pubDate>Mon, 03 May 2010 19:24:02 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>
		<item>
			<category>Content Managers</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/992/</link>
			<title>Partners in Kind</title>
			<description>Our Partners in Kind graciously donate products or services that contribute to the success of our annual New York Emmy&amp;#174; Awards gala.  Product Placement: Gift Bags We have TWO levels: 50 VIP/Presenter Gift Bags 800 Guest Gift Bags for all attendees     Audience: 800 television and media professionals including many familiar faces of entertainment and broadcast news, the industry&amp;#8217;s top production people&amp;#8230;the best and brightest in the business. These are the most important individuals in New York media.  Presenters/VIP: from the world of entertainment, news, sports, and politics to salute the outstanding accomplishments of their peers.  Co-Branding Opportunity: The Emmy&amp;#174; is the preeminent Award that recognizes achievement in the professional television industry. On Sunday April 18, 2010 The National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences ~ New York ~ will confer the industry&amp;#8217;s classic and most coveted peer-recognition symbol of distinction, the Emmy&amp;#174; for...

</description>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/992/</guid>
			<pubDate>Tue, 27 Apr 2010 18:59:33 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>
		<item>
			<category>Content Managers</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/66/</link>
			<title>The Governors' Award</title>
			<description>Each year, the Governors of the New York Chapter may choose to bestow the prestigious award, an Honorary Emmy&amp;#174; statuette, to recognize outstanding achievements in the television industry. The feats and commitments of such individuals are extraordinary and unique, falling beyond the scope of our annual awards.  BOARD OF GOVERNORS AWARD HISTORY 2010  &amp;#8226; Les Paul, Rock and Roll icon, New York legend and inventor of the solid-body electric guitar for his outstanding accomplishments in television and entertainment. Award presented to son Russ Paul.2009  &amp;#8226; Katie Couric, Anchor and Managing Editor, CBS Evening News with Katie Couric, and Correspondent, CBS 60 Minutes.2008  &amp;#8226; No Award presented.2007  &amp;#8226; No Award presented.2006 &amp;#8226; Maury Povich, Host of NBC Universal Domestic Television Distribution's Maury, and co-host of MSNBC's Weekends with Maury and Connie.  2005 &amp;#8226; Stephen Scheffer, President, Film Programming, Video and Enterprises for HBO.  &amp;#8226;...

</description>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/66/</guid>
			<pubDate>Fri, 16 Apr 2010 14:19:53 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>
		<item>
			<category>Content Managers</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/34/</link>
			<title>Benefits</title>
			<description>The New York Chapter of The National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences WHY JOIN?  If you are a professional actively engaged in the television industry and/or related media fields you are eligible to become a Professional member of NY NATAS.    JOIN NOW   Receive exclusive benefits and discounts  Get regular notifications of special happenings &amp; opportunities  Enjoy Free Film Screenings! Recent pre-release film screenings include: Kung Fu Panda, Hancock, Bottleshock, Brideshead Revisited, Mama Mia  Networking events and open bar receptions to enhance your career  Educational Early Evening Seminars with high profile Industry speakers with Q&amp;A  Professional Development Workshops  Meet the Filmmaker series with wine &amp; cheese reception  Monthly Play Readings  Discounts of $50.00 off each NY EMMY&amp;#174; Award entry  Camaraderie and Contacts  Discount Broadway Theatre Tickets through PLUM  Receive a personalized membership card   Plus special discounts from these fine partners listed...

</description>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/cms/34/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 08 Apr 2010 20:54:19 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>
		<item>
			<category>Survey</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/sur/?1</link>
			<title>Lorem ipsum survey</title>
			<description>Objectives: &lt;p&gt;Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diem nonummynibh euismod tincidunt ut lacreet dolore magna aliguam erat volutpat. Ut wisis enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci tution ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis te feugifacilisi. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Duis autem dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit au gue duis dolore te feugat nulla facilisi. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci taion ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex en commodo consequat. Duis te feugifacilisi per suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex en commodo consequat.Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diem nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut lacreet dolore magna aliguam erat volutpat. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Ut wisis enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Release Date: 22-Feb-06 3:13 PM&lt;br&gt;Expiration Date: 22-May-06 3:13 PM&lt;br&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diem nonummynibh euismod tincidunt ut lacreet dolore magna aliguam erat volutpat. Ut wisis enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci tution ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis te feugifacilisi. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Duis autem dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit au gue duis dolore te feugat nulla facilisi. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci taion ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex en commodo consequat. Duis te feugifacilisi per suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex en commodo consequat.Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diem nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut lacreet dolore magna aliguam erat volutpat. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Ut wisis enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci</description>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/sur/?1</guid>
			<author>noemail@nyemmys.org</author>
			<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2006 21:13:03 GMT</pubDate>
</item>

		<item>

			<category>photos</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/782/</link>
			<title>Photo by Ira Cohen</title>
			<description>&lt;img src =&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/tpeople/wwwNYemmys4.1/shughes/photos/782/193 Photo by Ira Cohen-m.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br&gt;New York Emmy&#174; Award winner 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>Photo by Ira Cohen</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>New York Emmy&#174; Award winner</itunes:summary>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/782/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 29 Jul 2010 15:17:53 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>photos</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/781/</link>
			<title>Photo by Ira Cohen</title>
			<description>&lt;img src =&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/tpeople/wwwNYemmys4.1/shughes/photos/781/192 Photo by Ira Cohen-m.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br&gt;New York Emmy&#174; Award winner 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>Photo by Ira Cohen</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>New York Emmy&#174; Award winner</itunes:summary>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/781/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 29 Jul 2010 15:17:53 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>photos</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/780/</link>
			<title>Photo by Ira Cohen</title>
			<description>&lt;img src =&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/tpeople/wwwNYemmys4.1/shughes/photos/780/191 Photo by Ira Cohen-m.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br&gt;NY NATAS Executive Director Jacqueline Gonzalez 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>Photo by Ira Cohen</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>NY NATAS Executive Director Jacqueline Gonzalez</itunes:summary>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/780/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 29 Jul 2010 15:17:53 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>photos</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/779/</link>
			<title>Photo by Ira Cohen</title>
			<description>&lt;img src =&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/tpeople/wwwNYemmys4.1/shughes/photos/779/190 Photo by Ira Cohen-m.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br&gt;New York Emmy&#174; Award winners 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>Photo by Ira Cohen</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>New York Emmy&#174; Award winners</itunes:summary>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/779/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 29 Jul 2010 15:17:53 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>photos</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/778/</link>
			<title>Photo by Ira Cohen</title>
			<description>&lt;img src =&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/tpeople/wwwNYemmys4.1/shughes/photos/778/189 Photo by Ira Cohen-m.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br&gt;New York Emmy&#174; Award winner 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>Photo by Ira Cohen</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>New York Emmy&#174; Award winner</itunes:summary>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/778/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 29 Jul 2010 15:17:53 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>photos</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/777/</link>
			<title>Photo by Ira Cohen</title>
			<description>&lt;img src =&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/tpeople/wwwNYemmys4.1/shughes/photos/777/188 Photo by Ira Cohen-m.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br&gt;New York Emmy&#174; Award winners 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>Photo by Ira Cohen</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>New York Emmy&#174; Award winners</itunes:summary>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/777/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 29 Jul 2010 15:17:53 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>photos</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/776/</link>
			<title>Photo by Ira Cohen</title>
			<description>&lt;img src =&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/tpeople/wwwNYemmys4.1/shughes/photos/776/187 Photo by Ira Cohen-m.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br&gt;NY NATAS Executive Director Jacqueline Gonzalez with presenter George Oliphant 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>Photo by Ira Cohen</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>NY NATAS Executive Director Jacqueline Gonzalez with presenter George Oliphant</itunes:summary>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/776/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 29 Jul 2010 15:17:53 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>photos</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/775/</link>
			<title>Photo by Ira Cohen</title>
			<description>&lt;img src =&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/tpeople/wwwNYemmys4.1/shughes/photos/775/186 Photo by Ira Cohen-m.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br&gt;Gibson Guitar Corp. Chairman/CEO Henry Juszkiewicz, NY NATAS President Shelly Palmer and presenter Orlando Jones 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>Photo by Ira Cohen</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>Gibson Guitar Corp. Chairman/CEO Henry Juszkiewicz, NY NATAS President Shelly Palmer and presenter Orlando Jones</itunes:summary>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/775/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 29 Jul 2010 15:17:53 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>photos</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/774/</link>
			<title>Photo by Ira Cohen</title>
			<description>&lt;img src =&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/tpeople/wwwNYemmys4.1/shughes/photos/774/185 Photo by Ira Cohen-m.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br&gt;Presenters Kristine Johnson and Chris Wragge 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>Photo by Ira Cohen</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>Presenters Kristine Johnson and Chris Wragge</itunes:summary>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/774/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 29 Jul 2010 15:17:53 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

		<item>

			<category>photos</category>
			<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/773/</link>
			<title>Photo by Ira Cohen</title>
			<description>&lt;img src =&quot;http://www.nyemmys.org/tpeople/wwwNYemmys4.1/shughes/photos/773/184 Photo by Ira Cohen-m.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br&gt;New York Emmy&#174; Award winners 
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
</description>
			<itunes:subtitle>Photo by Ira Cohen</itunes:subtitle>
			<itunes:summary>New York Emmy&#174; Award winners</itunes:summary>
			<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.nyemmys.org/en/photos/v/773/</guid>
			<pubDate>Thu, 29 Jul 2010 15:17:53 GMT</pubDate>
		</item>

<item>
<title>Lorem ipsum</title>
<category>Courses</category>
<link>http://www.nyemmys.org/en/courses/view.asp?courseid=1</link>
<description><![CDATA[Instructor: Fraley<br><br>

Lorem ipsum<br>
]]></description>
<dc:subject>Course</dc:subject>
<dc:date>2006-02-22T21:13:03Z</dc:date>
</item>

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